Abstract
For the last decade, climate change has been a major issue in urban policies and land use planning. Floods, sea-level rise, and heat waves are hitting cities with recurring virulence. Cities’ master plans have successfully integrated greenhouse gas mitigation policies into their regulatory frameworks for the control of both natural and man-made risks. However, climate change adaptation has not been incorporated in the same way. Few cities have taken major steps toward mainstreaming an adaptation that would pave the way to including exposure and vulnerability considerations into urban development. Changes in regulations and ordinances have made it possible to integrate climate risks for greater urban resilience. Cities such as Vienna and Toronto have developed a legal framework to fight against urban heat islands. Lisbon and the American state of Florida have defined urban adaptation areas in flood management strategies. New York has pioneered implementing more flexible ordinances to accommodate urban developments to future sea-level rise. These examples show how urban planning is an effective tool for mainstreaming adaptation strategies. This chapter considers efforts toward integrating climate change adaptation, with initiatives that go beyond sustainable urban development, as part of a new framework of flexible and experimental planning. The need to incorporate flexible planning strategies in line with climate variability will be one of the main challenges for regional and urban planning in the next decades.
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Notes
- 1.
Chapter Outline of the Working Group II Contribution to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6):
https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/03/AR6_WGII_outlines_P46.pdf (Accessed 26 October 2020).
- 2.
City of Fort Lauderdale, FL | Fiscal Years 2020-2024 Adopted Community Investment Plan. Available at: https://www.fortlauderdale.gov/home/showdocument?id=42638 (Accessed: 24 April 2021).
- 3.
Building envelope: A three-dimensional space, shaped by height, setback, lot coverage, and yard controls that define the maximum volume within which a structure can be built on a zoning lot (City of New York, 2019, p. 2).
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García Sánchez, F. (2022). Mainstreaming Adaptation into Urban Planning: Projects and Changes in Regulatory Frameworks for Resilient Cities. In: Walker, T., Wendt, S., Goubran, S., Schwartz, T. (eds) Business and Policy Solutions to Climate Change. Palgrave Studies in Sustainable Business In Association with Future Earth. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86803-1_12
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