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A Global Perspective of Cancer Prevalence: The Causative Agent, the Environment, or the Genes?

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Cancer and Immunology

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Abstract

Cancer is among the most leading causes of death worldwide, while breast and prostate cancers are the leading causes of cancers among females and males, respectively. Other cancers like lung cancer, cervix cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, lip and oral cancer, stomach cancer and esophageal cancers are the leading causes of cancer in specific regions.

Since the discovery of cancer, the interplay between genetic and environmental factors is known as the major etiology of cancer. The variety of the prevalence of cancers in discrete regions of the world strengthens the possibility of the existence of both lifestyle and ethnical portions in the pathophysiology of diverse cancers.

In this chapter, an extensive investigation of both the genetic and the environmental factors influencing the incidence of diverse cancers globally is conducted in this chapter.

Knowing the etiological agents can play a role in tailoring personalized strategies for curbing the incidence of cancer worldwide before.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Kawthar Mohamed, Lindelwa Mmema, Laila Rahmah, Fareeda Hashem, Rangarirai Makuku, Amanuel Godana Arero & Nima Rezaei

  2. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Manama, Bahrain

    Kawthar Mohamed & Fareeda Hashem

  3. Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria

    Sunny O. Abarikwu

  4. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Choba, Nigeria

    Sunny O. Abarikwu

  5. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Manzini, Eswatini

    Lindelwa Mmema

  6. Department of Community Nutrition School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Aliyu Tijani Jibril

  7. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Sekondi-Takoradi, Ghana

    Aliyu Tijani Jibril

  8. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Jakarta, Indonesia

    Laila Rahmah

  9. Research Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria

    Mariya Ivanovska

  10. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Plovdiv, Bulgaria

    Mariya Ivanovska

  11. Department of Physiology, Medical School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Ahmad Mustafa Rahimi

  12. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Kabul, Afghanistan

    Ahmad Mustafa Rahimi & Musa Joya

  13. Radiology Department, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan

    Musa Joya

  14. Erasme Hospital, Department of Rheumatology and Physical Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

    Mickael Essouma

  15. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Yaoundé, Cameroon

    Mickael Essouma

  16. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Harare, Zimbabwe

    Rangarirai Makuku

  17. Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Niyoosha Yoosefi

  18. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Niyoosha Yoosefi

  19. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Amanuel Godana Arero

  20. Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon

    Sara A. Makka

  21. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Beirut, Lebanon

    Sara A. Makka

  22. Head and Neck Surgery Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Luis Alejandro Boccalatte

  23. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Luis Alejandro Boccalatte

  24. Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran

    Nima Rezaei

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Correspondence to Nima Rezaei .

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  1. Division of Clinical Immunology, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden

    Nima Rezaei

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Mohamed, K. et al. (2023). A Global Perspective of Cancer Prevalence: The Causative Agent, the Environment, or the Genes?. In: Rezaei, N. (eds) Handbook of Cancer and Immunology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80962-1_100-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80962-1_100-1

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