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Successful Cultivation and Utilization of Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott (Black Chokeberry), a Species of North-American Origin, in Poland and the Biosynthetic Potential of Cells from In Vitro Cultures

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Medicinal Plants

Part of the book series: Sustainable Development and Biodiversity ((SDEB,volume 28))

Abstract

Aronia melanocarpa is a medicinal, culinary, and ornamental plant known for many years in the Central, Eastern, and Southern European countries, in Scandinavia and Russia, but is native to North America. At the end of the eighteenth century, it was introduced to Europe and Asia where it has become naturalized and successfully cultivated on an increasingly large scale. This species is a source of the raw material, i.e., fruits rich in antioxidants, most of all anthocyanins, procyanidins, phenolic acids, catechins and flavonoids, as well vitamins and bioelements. This article reviews basic information on the morphology, ecology, and distribution of A. melanocarpa in natural habitats. The requirements for cultivation of this species are also characterized. Much attention has been paid to the chemical composition of the fruits and their consequent therapeutic, health-promoting, culinary and cosmetic applications as confirmed by scientific studies. The current state of the art in biotechnological studies of this species is described, with a special focus on the investigations of the biosynthetic potential of cells cultured in vitro. The study aimed to establish the most beneficial culture conditions for the accumulation of phenolic acids, which are well-known strong antioxidants showing also many other important directions of biological activity. The optimization of culture conditions comprised testing the basal media, concentrations of plant growth regulators, supplementation of biosynthetic precursors, as well as examination of the impact of light conditions (monochromatic lights, white light, darkness, UV-A irradiation), and culture type (agar callus cultures and agar, agitated and bioreactor shoot cultures). In addition, the biotransformation potential of cells from agitated shoot cultures and high production of arbutin from exogenous hydroquinone were presented. Finally, the evaluation of efficacy and potential applications of biotechnological studies have been outlined. The obtained biotechnological results have documented that shoot cultures of A. melanocarpa could be a rich potential source of phenolic acids and arbutin, which are valuable products with therapeutic, health-promoting, and cosmetological values.

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Abbreviations

BAP:

6-benzylaminopurine

DW:

Dry weight

FW:

Fresh weight

HPLC-DAD:

High-pressure liquid chromatography with diode array detector

LS:

Linsmaier and Skoog

MS:

Murashige and Skoog

NAA:

1-naphthaleneacetic acid

PGRs:

Plant growth regulators

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Acknowledgements

Funding

This study was supported by the financial support of the funds of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education Programs: K/DSC/003506, N42/DBS/000010, N42/DBS/000011.

Author Contribution Statement

All the authors read and approved the manuscript in its final form. All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland

    Halina Ekiert, Paweł Kubica & Agnieszka Szopa

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  1. Halina Ekiert
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  2. Paweł Kubica
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  3. Agnieszka Szopa
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Halina Ekiert or Agnieszka Szopa .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland

    Halina Maria Ekiert

  2. Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Kishan Gopal Ramawat

  3. Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Jaya Arora

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Ekiert, H., Kubica, P., Szopa, A. (2021). Successful Cultivation and Utilization of Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott (Black Chokeberry), a Species of North-American Origin, in Poland and the Biosynthetic Potential of Cells from In Vitro Cultures. In: Ekiert, H.M., Ramawat, K.G., Arora, J. (eds) Medicinal Plants. Sustainable Development and Biodiversity, vol 28. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74779-4_4

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