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Ophthalmology of Anguimorpha and Iguania: Chameleons, Monitors, Dragons, Iguanas, and relatives

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Wild and Exotic Animal Ophthalmology

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Abstract

Compared to other domestic species, relatively little is known about the reptile eye and its role in health and disease. Until the 1980s, ocular disease was considered rare in reptiles (Millichamp et al. 1983; Ensley et al. 1978). However, with an increase in routine ophthalmic examination and research, we have come to realize that the reptile eye, similar to other domestic species, can be affected primarily or secondary to systemic disease or poor husbandry. When considering a body size range of 3 inches to 10 feet as well as variations in morphology, physiology, and behavioral adaptations, lizards are arguably the most diverse group of reptiles (Barten and Simpson 2019a; O’Malley 2005). Over half the known reptile species are lizards and can be found on every continent but Antarctica. Many lizard species can be kept in captivity, raising the need for knowledge of disease and its management.

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  1. Wisconsin Veterinary Referral Center, Waukesha, WI, USA

    Kathryn Smith Fleming

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Correspondence to Kathryn Smith Fleming .

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  1. Veterinary Medicine Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil

    Fabiano Montiani-Ferreira

  2. College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Bret A. Moore

  3. College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA

    Gil Ben-Shlomo

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Fleming, K.S. (2022). Ophthalmology of Anguimorpha and Iguania: Chameleons, Monitors, Dragons, Iguanas, and relatives. In: Montiani-Ferreira, F., Moore, B.A., Ben-Shlomo, G. (eds) Wild and Exotic Animal Ophthalmology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71302-7_12

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