Abstract
Institutions are organic entities with metamorphosis and evolutionary growth. The chapter spotlights the significance of Iranian oil in modern Iranian institutional change process from its early days in the 1900s to the 1970s while the state had the most petro-rentier budget. Thus, the ever-increasing evolutionary power of oil in forming modern Iranian institutions and its 79-year-old dynamism – embedded and analyzed critically in the Iranian and global historical contexts from the Constitutional Revolution to the 1979/Islamic Revolution – was discussed to shed light on its stupendous catalyzing and transforming features that led to Iran’s urbanization, semi-industrialization, new sociopolitical class generation, state-nation conflicts, and revolution.
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Notes
- 1.
Originally quoted in Persian, translated by the chapter’s author.
- 2.
Originally written in Persian, translated by the chapter’s author.
- 3.
Originally written in Persian, translated by the chapter’s author.
- 4.
Institutional Revolution was coined by the chapter’s author to refer to the first stupendous reformist modernization policies, established modern institutions, and institutional reforms in the Reza Shah reign (1925–1941).
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Forouharfar, A. (2021). De Jure and De Facto Power of Oil and Institutional Change in Modern Iran: A Critical Historicism Analysis (1900–1979). In: Faghih, N., Samadi, A.H. (eds) Dynamics of Institutional Change in Emerging Market Economies . Contributions to Economics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61342-6_12
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