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Forest Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity

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Spatial Modeling in Forest Resources Management

Part of the book series: Environmental Science and Engineering ((ESE))

Abstract

Ecosystems, and the biodiversity and services they support, are intrinsically dependent on climate. During the twentieth century, climate change has had documented impacts on ecological systems, and impacts are expected to increase as climate change continues and perhaps even accelerates. This technical input to the National Climate Assessment synthesizes our scientific understanding of the way climate change is affecting biodiversity, ecosystems, ecosystem services, and what strategies might be employed to decrease current and future risks. In develo** countries, the landscape encompassing agricultural land is vital for maintaining biodiversity and providing ecosystem services. The consequences of biomass shot on woody species richness and composition were analysed in forests underneath communal and government management. Interviews on forest use and perception of forest condition and system service delivery were conducted in farmer households bordering the forests. At the same time, the importance of forest ecosystem services has been progressively recognized. Though some initiatives aimed toward protective each biodiversity and ecosystem services are emerging, information gaps still exist regarding their relationships and potential trade-offs in forests. Considerably additional woody species were found within the community-managed forests. Species richness was negatively correlative with walking distance from the closest village and increasing levels of anthropogenic disturbance. There is increasing proof that diversity contributes to forest ecosystem functioning and also the provision of ecosystem services. Here, we are including some of the ecosystem services such as biomass production, production of atmospheric oxygen, soil formation and retention, nutrient cycling, water cycling, and provisioning of habitat. Community forests were typically less degraded than government managed forests, giving support to common pool resource management. Woody vegetation depicted an important supply of fuelwood, timber, fodder, edibles, aromatic and healthful plants. Employing a multidisciplinary framework to analyse system integrity and system service delivery enabled a finer understanding of those complicated agroecological systems, giving support to evidence-based management and conservation coming up with for the long run. Planting mixed-species forests ought to tend additional thought as they're probably to supply a wider range of ecosystem services at intervals the forest and for adjacent land uses.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Forest Biology and Tree Improvement, College of Forestry, SHUATS, Prayagraj, India

    Afaq Majid Wani

  2. Department of Forestry, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Angul, Odisha, India

    Gyanaranjan Sahoo

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  1. Afaq Majid Wani
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  2. Gyanaranjan Sahoo
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Correspondence to Afaq Majid Wani .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. PG Department of Geography, Raja Narendra Lal Khan Women’s College (Autonomous), Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India

    Pravat Kumar Shit

  2. Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

    Hamid Reza Pourghasemi

  3. Department of Remote Sensing & GIS, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India

    Pulakesh Das

  4. TPF Getinsa Euroestudios S.l, Gurgaon, Haryana, India

    Gouri Sankar Bhunia

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Wani, A.M., Sahoo, G. (2021). Forest Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity. In: Shit, P.K., Pourghasemi, H.R., Das, P., Bhunia, G.S. (eds) Spatial Modeling in Forest Resources Management . Environmental Science and Engineering. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56542-8_22

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