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Local Field Potentials and ECoG

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Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery

Abstract

The ability to record human neural activity in the form of field potentials from deep brain leads or surface brain electrodes has given us immense insight into the pathophysiology of movement disorders. These recordings have shed light on the oscillatory nature of neural network and its role in normal brain physiology as well as in disease. Based on these field potential recordings, excessive synchronization of the motor network in different frequency bands may be phenomenologically associated with diverse motor symptoms of movement disorders. Similar phenomena may also be present in other neurological and psychiatric diseases, allowing novel application of stereotactic procedures to understand and treat these disorders. In this chapter, we discuss recent findings regarding the role of network oscillatory activities in movement disorders, based on studies from local field potentials and electrocorticography potentials. We also examine how this knowledge is relevant for clinical practice, both in understanding the mechanism of existing deep brain stimulation therapy as well as in refining and improving existing treatments.

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Abbreviations

BG:

Basal ganglia

BGTC:

Basal ganglia thalamocortical

DBS:

Deep brain stimulation

ECoG:

Electrocorticography

EEG:

Electroencephalography

GP:

Globus pallidus

GPi:

Globus pallidus interna

HFO:

High-frequency oscillations

LFP:

Local field potentials

M1:

Primary motor cortex

PAC:

Phase amplitude coupling

PD:

Parkinson’s disease

STN:

Subthalamic nucleus

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Doris D. Wang, Witney Chen, Philip A. Starr & Coralie de Hemptinne

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  2. Witney Chen
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Correspondence to Coralie de Hemptinne .

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  1. Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Nader Pouratian

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA

    Sameer A. Sheth

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Wang, D.D., Chen, W., Starr, P.A., de Hemptinne, C. (2020). Local Field Potentials and ECoG. In: Pouratian, N., Sheth, S. (eds) Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34906-6_9

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