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Global Proteomics of Extremophilic Fungi: Mission Accomplished?

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Fungi in Extreme Environments: Ecological Role and Biotechnological Significance

Abstract

Proteomic analyses of extremophilic and extremotolerant fungi have gained rapidly in importance since the biology of these organisms revealed their extraordinary resistance to harsh climate and environmental conditions. Besides representing excellent model organisms for studies of the stress tolerance, extremophiles are increasingly becoming the target of many biotechnological applications.

Proteomics has proved its strength as an analytical endeavor to explore extremophiles and to provide sufficient depth of knowledge, particularly about quantitative measurements of cell events. However, the strategies developed by extremophiles to cope with the environmental changes also show remarkable resistance toward the biochemical methodologies applied in sampling, homogenization of fungal tissue, extraction, and separation of biomolecules.

On these premises, the current chapter focuses on the main questions, on dos and don’ts of the way to a full discovery of the extremophilic fungi proteome and deals with the obstacles and the solutions that have been confronted and solved up to now. Following a concise introduction, the state of the art of proteomics workflow for extremophilic fungi is reviewed, spanning from the techniques for protein separation to those for identification and comparative quantitative analysis. Advantages and limits of different approaches applied to several sample types are critically discussed. A collection of the methodological know-hows as well as tips for troubleshooting are provided to empower and support the readers in all steps from handling of samples to bioinformatics. By presenting examples of successful strategies to solve the sample-related challenges, this review aims at filling the gaps in the laboratory practice.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Austrian Science Fund (FWF-der Wissenschaftsfonds, Hertha-Firnberg Project T872-B22) and the BOKU Equipment GmbH as the founder of the VIBT-Extremophile Center for the technical and financial support of our research, whose outcomes widely contributed to this book chapter.

We also thank FWF for the project FWF-P24206, which allowed the initiation and the pioneering proteomics work on extremophilic black fungi.

The authors apologize to all researchers whose work could not be cited in this book chapter due to limits in manuscript dimensions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria

    Donatella Tesei, Katja Sterflinger & Gorji Marzban

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  1. Donatella Tesei
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  2. Katja Sterflinger
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  3. Gorji Marzban
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Correspondence to Donatella Tesei .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, MI, USA

    Sonia M. Tiquia-Arashiro

  2. Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Graz, Austria

    Martin Grube

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Tesei, D., Sterflinger, K., Marzban, G. (2019). Global Proteomics of Extremophilic Fungi: Mission Accomplished?. In: Tiquia-Arashiro, S., Grube, M. (eds) Fungi in Extreme Environments: Ecological Role and Biotechnological Significance. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19030-9_12

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