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The Joint Optimization of Critical Interdependent Infrastructure of an Electricity-Water-Gas System

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Systems Engineering in Context

Abstract

Electricity, water, and gas systems are critical infrastructures that are sustaining our daily lives. This paper studies the joint operation of these systems through a proposed optimization model and explores the advantage of considering the system of systems. Individual and joint optimizations are studied and compared. The numerical results show that the total electricity cost for these three systems can be reduced by 11.3% via joint optimization. Because the water system and gas system intrinsically include the storages in their systems, the power system can use these storages as the regulation capacity to shift load from peak hours to off-peak hours. Since the saving on the power generation cost surpasses the incremental cost in the operation and maintenance (O&M), the overall economic performance is improved by the joint optimization.

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Abbreviations

an,bn:

Parameters for pricewise linearization in kW and $, respectively

c1,c2,c3:

Cost coefficients for quadratic electric power curve in $/kW2, $/kW, and $, respectively

h g :

Power coefficient for gas load flow in kW/(m3/h)

h w :

Power coefficient for water load flow in kW/(m3/h)

N s :

Number of points for piecewise linearization

N T :

Number of time steps

\( {p}_p^{\mathrm{ref}} \) :

Nominal pipe pressure reference in Pa

\( {r}_e^{\prime } \) :

Pseudo electricity rate in $/kWh

r e :

Finalized electricity rate in $/kWh

r g :

O&M cost coefficient for gas storage system in $/m3

r p :

O&M cost coefficient for pipe system in $/Pa

r s :

Coefficient of per unit cost of gas supply in $/unit

r w :

O&M cost coefficient for water system in $/m3

\( {S}_p^{\mathrm{ref}} \) :

Nominal pipe storage reference in m3

t :

Time index

T :

Time step constant in hour

V g :

Volume of one unit gas in gas transportation in m3/unit

λn(t):

Ancillary variable for pricewise linearization

Lr(t):

Residential electricity load at time t in kW

Lg(t):

Gas load at time t in m3/h

Lw(t):

Water load at time t in m3/h

m(t):

Gas transportation decision variable at time t in per unit

pp(t):

Pipe pressure status at time t in Pa

Pe(t):

Residential electric load (non-infrastructure electric load) at time t in kW

Pg(t):

Gas system electric load at time t in kW

Pw(t):

Water system electric load at time t in kW

Qg(t):

Gas flow rate at time t in m3/h

Qw(t):

Water flow rate at time t in m3/h

Sg(t):

Gas tank storage status at time t in m3

Sp(t):

Gas pipe storage status at time t in m3

Sw(t):

Water storage status at time t in m3

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA

    Jie Cheng, Qishuai Liu, Qing Hui & Fred Choobineh

  2. CalEnergy Operating Corporation, Calipatria, CA, USA

    Jie Cheng

Authors
  1. Jie Cheng
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  2. Qishuai Liu
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  3. Qing Hui
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  4. Fred Choobineh
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Qing Hui .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA

    Stephen Adams

  2. Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA

    Peter A. Beling

  3. Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA

    James H. Lambert

  4. Department of Systems and Information Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA

    William T. Scherer

  5. Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA

    Cody H. Fleming

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Cheng, J., Liu, Q., Hui, Q., Choobineh, F. (2019). The Joint Optimization of Critical Interdependent Infrastructure of an Electricity-Water-Gas System. In: Adams, S., Beling, P., Lambert, J., Scherer, W., Fleming, C. (eds) Systems Engineering in Context. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00114-8_6

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