Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- 2-AG:
-
2-Arachidonylglycerol
- ACPA:
-
CB1 receptor agonist
- CB:
-
Cannabinoid
- CN:
-
Cochlear nucleus
- ∆9-THC:
-
D9-tetrahydrocannabinol
- DAG:
-
Diacylglycerol lipase
- DCN:
-
Dorsal cochlear nucleus
- FAAH:
-
Fatty acid amide hydrolase
- GABA:
-
Gamma-amino butyric acid
- IPSC:
-
Inhibitory post-synaptic currents
- LTD:
-
Long-term depression
- LTP:
-
Long-term potentiation
- MAGL:
-
Monoacylglycerol lipase
- NAPE-PLD:
-
N-arachidonoylphosphatidylethanolamine-phospholipase-D
- PEA:
-
N-palmitoylethanolamide
- PSP:
-
Post-synaptic potentials
- SCE:
-
Standard cannabis extracts
- VCN:
-
Ventral cochlear nucleus
References
Eggermont, JJ. Cortical tonotopic map reorganization and its implication for treatment of tinnitus. Acta Oto-laryngol (Stockh) 2006, 126:9–12
Eggermont, JJ and Roberts, LE. The neuroscience of tinnitus. Trends Neurosci 2004, 27(11):676–682
Baguley, DM. What progress have we made with tinnitus? Acta Otolaryngol (Stock) 2006, 126:4–8
Zhang, JS and Kaltenbach, JA. Increases in spontaneous activity in the dorsal cochlear nucleus of the rat following exposure to high intensity sound. Neurosci Lett 1998, 250:197–200
Kaltenbach, JA and Afman, CE. Hyperactivity in the dorsal cochlear nucleus after intense sound exposure and its resemblance to tone-evoked activity: a physiological model for tinnitus. Hear Res 2000, 140(1–2):165–172
Brozoski, TJ, Bauer, CA, and Caspary, DM. Elevated fusiform cell activity in the dorsal cochlear nucleus of chinchillas with psychophysical evidence of tinnitus. J Neurosci 2002, 22(6):2383–2390
Zacharek, MA, Kaltenbach, JA, Mathog, TA, and Zhang, J. Effects of cochlear ablation on noise induced hyperactivity in the hamster dorsal cochlear nucleus: implications for the origin of noise induced tinnitus. Hear Res 2002, 172(1–2):137–143
Kaltenbach, JA, Zacharek, MA, Zhang, J and Frederick, S. Activity in the dorsal cochlear nucleus of hamsters previously tested for tinnitus following intense tone exposure. Neurosci Lett 2004, 355(1–2):121–125
Kaltenbach, JA and Zhang, J. Intense sound-induced plasticity in the dorsal cochlear nucleus of rats: Evidence for cholinergic receptor upregulation. Hear Res 2007, 226(1–2):232–243
Chang, H, Chen, K, Kaltenbach, JA, Zhang, J and Godfrey, DA. Effects of acoustic trauma on dorsal cochlear nucleus neuron activity in slices. Hear Res 2002, 164:59–98
Ma, WLD and Young, ED. Dorsal cochlear response properties following acoustic trauma: response maps and spontaneous activity. Hear Res 2006, 216–217:176–188
Wang J, Ding D and Salvi RJ. Functional reorganization in chinchilla inferior colliculus associated with chronic and acute cochlear damage. Hear Res 2002, 168:238–249
Basta, D and Ernst, A. Noise-induced changes of neuronal spontaneous activity in mice inferior colliculus brain slices. Neurosci Lett 2004, 368:297–302
Basta, D and Ernst, A. Effects of salicylate on spontaneous activity in inferior colliculus brain slices. Neurosci Res 2004, 50:237–243
Norena, AJ and Eggermont, JJ. Changes in spontaneous neural activity immediately after an acoustic trauma: implications for neural correlates of tinnitus. Hear Res 2003, 183:137–153
Seki, S and Eggermont, JJ. Changes in spontaneous firing rate and neural synchrony in cat primary auditory cortex after tone-induced hearing loss. Hear Res 2003, 180:28–38
Møller, AR. Similarities between severe tinnitus and chronic pain. J Am Acad Audiol 2000, 11(3):115–124
Møller, AR. Pathophysiology of tinnitus. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2003, 36:249–266
Simpson, JJ and Davies, WE. Recent advances in the pharmacological treatment of tinnitus. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1999, 20(1):12–18
Gananca, MM, Caovilla, HH, Gananca, FF, Gananca, CF, Munhoz, MS, da Silva, ML and Serafini, F. Clonazepam in the pharmacological treatment of vertigo and tinnitus. Int Tinnitus J 2002, 8:50–53
Shulman A, Strashun, AM and Goldstein, BA. GABA(A)-benzodiazepine-chloride receptor-targeted therapy for tinnitus control: preliminary report. Int Tinnitus J 2002, 8:30–36
Menkes, DB and Larson, PM. Sodium valproate for tinnitus. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 1998, 65:803
Levine, RA. Typewriter tinnitus: a carbamazepine-responsive syndrome related to auditory nerve vascular compression. J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec 2006, 68:43–46
Melding, PS and Goodey, RJ. The treatment of tinnitus with oral anticonvulsants. J Laryngol Otol 1979, 93(2):111–122
Sanchez, TG, Balbani, AP, Bittar, RS, Bento, RF and Camara, J. Lidocaine test in patients with tinnitus: rationale of accomplishment and relation to the treatment with carbamazepine Auris, Nasus. Larynx 1999, 26:411–417
Hulshof, JH and Vermeij. The value of carbamazepine in the treatment of tinnitus. J Otorhinolaryngol Related Spec 1985, 47:262–266
Bauer, CA and Brozoski, TJ. Gabapentin. Prog Brain Res 2007, 166:287–301
Zapp, JJ. Gabapentin for the treatment of tinnitus: a case report. Ear Nose Throat J 2001, 80:114–116
Bauer, CA and Brozoski, TJ. Effect of gabapentin on the sensation and impact of tinnitus. Laryngoscope 2006, 116:675–681
Witsell, DL, Hannley, MT, Stinnet, S and Tucci, DL. Treatment of tinnitus with gabapentin: a pilot study. Otol Neurol 2007, 28(1):11–15
Piccirillo, JF, Finnell, J, Vlahiotis, A, Chole RA and Spitznagel, E Jr. Relief of idiopathic subjective tinnitus: is gabapentin effective? Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2007, 133:390–397
Iversen, L. Cannabis and the brain. Brain 2003, 126:1252–1270
Howlett, AC, Breivogel, CS and Childers, CR. Cannabinoid physiology and pharmacology: 30 years of progress. Neuropharmacology 2004, 47:345–358
De Petrocellis, L, Cascio, MG and Di Marzo, V. The endocannabinoid system: A general review and latest additions. Br J Pharmacol 2004, 141:765–774
Piomelli, D, Giuffrida, A, Calignano, A and Rodriguez de Fonseca, F. The endocannabinoid system as a target for therapeutic drugs. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2000, 21:218–224
Gordon, E and Devinsky, O. Alcohol and marijuana: Effects on epilepsy and use by patients with epilepsy. Epilepsia 2001, 42:1266–1272
Lutz, B. On-demand activation of the endocannabinoid system in the control of neuronal excitability and epileptiform seizures. Biochem Pharmacol 2004, 68:1691–1698
Zagnoni, PG and Albano, C. Psychostimulants and epilepsy. Epilepsia 2002, 43(Suppl 2):28–31
Lorenz, R. On the application of cannabis in paediatrics and epileptology. Neuro Endocrinol Lett 2004, 25:40–44
Alger, BE. Retrograde signalling in the regulation of synaptic transmission: focus on endocannabinoids. Prog Neurobiol 2002, 68:247–286
Kreitzer, AC and Regehr, WG. Retrograde signalling by endocannabinoids. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2002, 12:324–330
Wallace, MJ, Balir, RE, Falenski, KW, Martin, BR and Delorenzo, RJ. The endogenous cannabinoid system regulates seizure frequency and duration in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2003, 307:129–137
Shafaroodi, H, Samini, M, Moezi, L, Homayoun, H, Sadeghipour, H, Tavakoli, S, Hajrasouliha, AR and Dehpour, AR. The interaction of cannabinoids and opioids on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure threshold in mice. Neuropharmacology 2004, 47:390–400
Hoffman, AF and Lupica, CR. Mechanisms of cannabinoid inhibition of GABA(A) synaptic transmission in the hippocampus. J Neurosci 2000, 20:2470–2479
Nakatsuka, T, Chen, H-X, Roper, SN and Gu, JG. Cannabinoid receptor-1 activation suppresses inhibitory synaptic activity in human dentate gyrus. Neuropharmacology 2003, 45:116–121
Whalley BJ, Wilkinson JD, Williamson, EM and Constanti, A. A novel component of cannabis extract potentiates excitatory synaptic transmission in rat olfactory cortex in vitro. Neurosci Lett 2004, 365:58–63
Wilkinson, JD, Whalley, BJ, Baker, D, Pryce, G, Constanti, A, Gibbons, S and Williamson, EM. Medicinal cannabis: Is delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol necessary for all its effects? J Pharm Pharmacol 2003, 55:1687–1694
Marsicano, G, Goodenough, S, Monory, K, Hermann, H, Eder, M, Cannich, A, Azad, SC, Cascio, MG, Gutierrez, SO, van der Stelt, M, Lopez-Rodriguez, ML et al. CB1 cannabinoid receptors and on-demand defense against excitotoxicity. Science 2003, 302:84–88
Mechoulam, R and Lichtmanm AH. Stout guards of the central nervous system. Science 2003, 302:65–67
Ludanyi, A, Eross, L, Czirjak, S, Vajda, J, Halasz, P, Watanabe, M, Palkovits, M, Magloczky, Z, Freund, TF and Katona, I. Down regulation of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor and related molecular elements of the endocannabinoid system in epileptic human hippocampus. J Neurosci 2008, 28:2976–2990
Wallace, MJ, Martin, BR and Delorenzo, RJ. Evidence for a physiological role of endocannabinoids in the modulation of seizure threshold and severity. Eur J Pharmacol 2002, 452:295–301
Ameri, A, Wilhelm, A and Simmet, T. Effects of the endogenous cannabinoid, anandamide, on neuronal activity in rat hippocampal slices. Br J Pharmacol 1999, 126:1831–1839
Lambert, DM, Vandervoorde, S, Diependale, G, Govaerts, SJ and Robert, AR. Anticonvulsant activity of N-palmitoylethanolamide, a putative endocannabinoid, in mice. Epilepsia 2001, 42:321–327
Sheerin, AH, Zhang, X, Saucier, DM and Corcoran, ME. Selective antiepileptic effects of N-palmitoylethanolamide, a putative endocannabinoid. Epilepsia 2004, 45:1184–1188
Herkenkam, M, Lynn, AB, Johnson, MR, Melvin, LS, de Costa, BR and Rice, KC. Characterization and localization of cannabinoid receptors in rat brain: a quantitative in vitro autoradiographic study. J Neurosci 1991, 11:563–583
Brievogel, CS, Sim, LJ and Childers, SR. Regional differences in cannabinoid receptor/G protein coupling in rat brain. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997, 282:1632–1642
Zheng, Y, Baek, J-H, Smith, PF and Darlington, CL. Cannabinoid receptor down-regulation in the ventral cochlear nucleus in an animal model of tinnitus. Hear Res 2007, 228:105–111
Tzounopoulos, T, Rubio, ME, Keen, JE, and Trussell, LO. Coactivation of pre- and post-synaptic signaling mechanisms determines cell-specific spike-timing-dependent plasticity. Neuron 2007, 54:291–301
Ashton, JC, Zheng, Y, Liu, P, Darlington, CL and Smith, PF. Immunohistochemical characterization and localization of cannabinoid CB1 receptor protein in the rat vestibular nucleus complex and effects of unilateral vestibular deafferentation. Brain Res 2004, 1021:266–273
Zhao, Y, Rubio, ME and Tzounopoulos, T. Distinct functional and anatomical architecture of the endocannabinoid system in the auditory brainstem. J Neurophysiol 2009, 101:2434–2446
Baek, J-H, Zheng, Y, Darlington, CL and Smith, PF. Cannabinoid CB2 receptor expression in the vestibular and cochlear nuclei. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 2008, 128(9):961–967
Jastreboff, PJ, Brennan, JF, Coleman, JK, and Sasaki, CT. Phantom auditory sensation in rats: an animal model of tinnitus. Behav Neurosci 1988, 102(6):811–822
Raby, WN, Modica, PA, Wolintz, RJ, and Murtaugh, K. Dronabinol reduces signs and symptoms of idiopathic intracranial hypertension: a case report. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2006, 22(1):68–75
Smith, PF. Symptomatic treatment of multiple sclerosis using cannabinoids: Recent advances. Expert Rev Neurother 2007, 7(9):1157–1163
Wade, DT, Makela, PM, House, H, Bateman, C and Robson. Long-term use of a cannabis based medicine in the treatment of spasticity and other symptoms in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis 2006, 12:639–645
Smith, F and Darlington, CL. Drug treatments for subjective tinnitus: serendipitous discovery versus rational drug design. Curr Opin Invest Drug 2005, 6(7):712–716
Acknowledgements
This research was generously supported by the Jean Cathie Estate.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Smith, P.F. (2011). The Endocannabinoid System in the Cochlear Nucleus and Its Implications for Tinnitus Treatment. In: Møller, A.R., Langguth, B., De Ridder, D., Kleinjung, T. (eds) Textbook of Tinnitus. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-145-5_79
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-145-5_79
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-60761-144-8
Online ISBN: 978-1-60761-145-5
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)