Abstract
Rare earth metals exhibit rich and widely investigated magnetic behavior in the bulk. Comprehensive reviews are offered by Elliott (1972), Coqblin (1977) and Jenson and Mackintosh (1991). The 4f core electrons remain distinct from the conduction states and couple according to Hund’s rules to form model magnetic materials, at least in simple compounds. The metallic state entails certain interesting complications. In particular, a portion of the conduction band usually has d symmetry and the ionic moment is somewhat modified. Second, the moments disturb the conduction electrons and this results in the famous ‘RKKY’ exchange coupling among the moments. There is, in addition, a coupling of the ionic charge distribution to the crystal field, which in the materials of interest here is associated with a hexagonal close packed crystal structure.
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Flynn, C.P., Tsui, F. (1993). What Rare Earths Teach about Thin Film Magnetism. In: Farrow, R.F.C., Dieny, B., Donath, M., Fert, A., Hermsmeier, B.D. (eds) Magnetism and Structure in Systems of Reduced Dimension. NATO ASI Series, vol 309. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1519-1_17
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