The Evolution of Landscape Ecology

  • Chapter
Landscape Ecology

Abstract

Landscape ecology is a young branch of modern ecology that deals with the interrelationship between man and his open and built-up landscapes. As will be shown in this chapter, landscape ecology evolved in central Europe as a result of the holistic approach adopted by geographers, ecologists, landscape planners, designers, and managers in their attempt to bridge the gap between natural, agricultural, human, and urban systems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

eBook
EUR 9.99
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
EUR 90.94
Price includes VAT (Germany)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free ship** worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Arthur, L. M., T. C. Daniel, and R. C. Boster. 1977. Scenic assessment-an overview. Landscape Planning 4: 109–130.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bakker, P. A. 1979. Vegetaton science and nature conservation. In: M. J. A. Werger (Ed.), The Study of Vegetation. Dr. W. Junk, The Hague, pp. 249–288.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bornkamm, R., and W. Grün. 1973. Eine Versuchsanlage zur Frage der Flachdach Begrünung. Landschaftf Stadt 3: 141–143.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buchwald, K. 1963. Die Industriegesellschaft und die Landschaft. Beitr. z. Landespflege 1: 23–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buchwald, K., and Engelhart, W. (Eds.). 1968. Handbuch für Landschaftpflege und Naturschutz. Bd. 1. Grundlagen. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, Munich, Bern, Wien.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chorley, R. J., and B. A. Kennedy. 1971. Physical Geography, A Systems Approach. Prentice-Hall Intern., Inc., London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christian, C. S. 1958. The concept of land units and land systems. In: Proceedings of Ninth Pacific Science Congress 20: 74–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christian, C. S., and G. A. Stewart. 1968. Methodology of integrated surveys. In: Aerial Surveys and Integrated Studies. Proc. Toulouse Conf., UNESCO, Paris, pp. 233–280.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dansereau, P. 1957. Biogeography: An Ecological Perspective. Ronald Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dansereau, P. 1966. Ecological impact and human ecology. In: F. Fraser Darling and J. P. Milton (Eds.), Future Environments of North America. Natural History Press, Garden City, New York, pp. 425–464.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dansereau, P. 1975. Inscape and Landscape. The Human Perception of Environment. Columbia University Press, New York and London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dansereau, P. 1977. Ecological Grading and Classification of Land-Occupation and Land-Use Mosaics. Geographical Paper No. 58. Lands Directorate Fisheries & Environment, Ottawa, Canada.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dansereau, P. 1980. The Template and the Impact. INTECOL Bull. 7 /8: 70–109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duffey, E., and A. S. Watt (Eds.). 1971. The Scientific Management of Animal and Plant Communities for Conservation (11th Symposium, Brit. Ecol. Soc., 1970 ). Blackwell Sci. Publ., Oxford, London, and Edinburgh.

    Google Scholar 

  • Egler, F. E. 1942. Vegetation as an object of study. Philos. Sci. 9: 245–260.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Egler, F. E. 1964. Pesticides in our ecosystem. Am. Sci. 52: 110–136.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellenberg, H. 1950. Unkrautsgemeinschaften als Zeiger für Klima und Boden. Landwirtschaftliche Pflanzensoziologie 1. Ulmer, Stuttgart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellenberg, H. 1956. Aufgaben und Methoden der Vegetationskunde. Ulmer, Stuttgart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellenberg, H. (Ed.). 1971. Integrated Experimental Ecology. Methods and Results of Ecosystem Research in the German Soiling Project. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellenberg, H. 1974. Zeigerwerte der Gefässpflanzen Mitteleuropas. Scripta Geobot., Göttingen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellenberg, H. 1978. Vegetation Mitteleuropas mit den Alpen, 2nd edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haber, W. 1979. Theoretische Anmerkungen zur Ökologischen Planung. Verhandl. Ges. für Okologie 7, Weihenstephan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haber, W. 1980. Raumordungskonzepte aus der Sicht der Ökosystemforschung. Forschungs.-und Sitzungberichte der Akad. für Raumforschung und Landesplanung, Hanover.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiemstedt, H. 1967. Zur Bewertung der Landschaft für die Erhohlung. 1. Sonderheft d. Beiträge zur Landespflege, Stuttgart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiemstedt, H. (Ed.). 1975. Landschaftsbewertung für die Erhohlung im Sauerland. Institut für Landes-und Stadtentwicklungs Forschung des Landes Nordhein-Westfalen. Band 1.008/1. Dortmund.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuchler, A. W. 1967. Vegetation Map**. Ronald Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuchler, A. W. 1975. Map of Potential Natural Vegetation of the Conterminous United States. 1:3,168,000. Special Publication No. 36, American Geographical Society, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Langer, H. 1970. Die Ökologische Gliederung der Landschaft und ihre Bedeutung für die Fragestellung der Landschaftpflege. Landschaft + Stadt 3: 2–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Langer, H. 1973. Ökologie der geosozialen Umwelt. Landschaft + Stadt 5: 133–140.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leser, H. 1976. Landschaftsökologie. Ulmer (UTV Nr. 521), Stuttgart. Mueller-Dombois, D., and H. Ellenberg. 1974. Aims and Methods of Vegetation Ecology. Wiley, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Odum, E. O. 1969. The strategy of ecosystem development. Science 164: 262–270.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Odum, E. O. 1971. Fundamentals of Ecology, 3rd edition. Saunders, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olshowy, G. 1973. Landscape planning in the Rhineland Brown Coal Area. In: D. Lovejoy (Ed.), Land Use and Landscape Planning. Aylesbury, England, pp. 249–251.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olshowy, G. 1975. Ecological Landscape Inventories and Evaluation. Landscape Planning 2: 37–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pflug, W. 1973. Umweltschutz in Lehre und Forschung in der Technischen Hochschule Aachen. Landschaft + Stadt 5: 98–115.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmithüsen, J. 1963. Der wissenschaftliche Landschaftsbegriff. Mitt. flor.soziol. Arbeitgemeinschaft 10: 9–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schreiber, K.-F. 1976. Zur Sukession und Flächenfreihaltung auf Brachland in Baden-Würtenberg. Verhandl. Ges. für Ökologie 1976. Dr. W. Junk, The Hague, pp. 251–303.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schreiber, K.-F. 1977a. Landscape planning and protection of the environment. The contribution of landscape ecology. Appl. Sciences and Development 9: 128–139.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schreiber, K.-F. 1977b. Naturschutz und Flurbereinigung-einige Bemerkungen zu einem viel diskutierten Problem. Natursch. Landschaftpfl. 27: 48–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stumpel, A. H. P., and J. T. R. Kalkhoven. 1978. A vegetation map of The Netherlands based on the relationship between ecotopes and types of potential natural vegetation. Vegetatio 37: 163–173.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sukopp, H. 1970. Charakteristik und Bewertung der Naturschutzgebiete in Berlin ( West ). Natur und Landschaft 45: 133–139.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sukopp, H. 1971. Bewertung und Auswahl von Naturschutzgebieten. Schr. Reihe für Landschaftpflege und Naturschutz 6: 183–194.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sukopp, H. 1972. Wandel von Flora und Vegetation in Mitteleuropa unter dem Einfluss des Menschen. Ber. Landwirtschaft 50: 112–139.

    Google Scholar 

  • Teilhard de Chardin, P. 1966. Man’s Place in Nature. Collins, London. Trautmann, W. 1973. Vegetationskarte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1: 200,000 Potentielle natürliche Vegetation Blatt CC 5502 Köln. Schrift. für Vegetationskunde 6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trent Forschunggruppe. 1973. Typologische Untersuchungen zur rationellen orbereitung umfassender Landschaftsplanungen. Dortmund/Saarbruecken.

    Google Scholar 

  • Troll, G. 1971. Landscape ecology (geo-ecology) and bio-ceonology-a terminology study. Geoforum 8: 43–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tüxen, R. 1956. Die heutige potentielle natürliche Vegetation als Gegenstand der Vegetationskartierung. Angew. Pflanzensoziologie, Stolzenau/Weser 13: 5–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tüxen, R. (Ed.). 1968. Pflanzensoziologie und Landschaftsökologie. Intern. Symp. Intern. Ver. für Vegetationskunde Stolzenau und Rinteln.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tüxen, R., and H. Diemont. 1937. Klimaxgruppe und Klimaxschwarm. Jber. Naturhist. Ges. Hannover 88 /89: 73–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Leeuwen, C. G. 1966. A relation theoretical approach to pattern and process in vegetation. Wentia 15: 25–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Leeuwen, C. G. 1973. Oecologie en natuurtechniek. Natur en Landchap 27: 57–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • van der Maarel, E. 1971. Plant species diversity in relation to management. In: E. Duffey and A. S. Watt (Eds.), The Scientific Management of Animal and Plant Communities for Conservation. Blackwell Sci. Publ., Oxford, London, Edinburgh, pp. 45–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • van der Maarel, E. 1975. Man-made natural ecosystems in environmental management and planning. In: W. H. van Dobbin and R. H. Lowe-McConnel (Eds.), Unifying Concepts in Ecology. Dr. W. Junk, The Hague, pp. 263–274.

    Google Scholar 

  • van der Maarel, E. 1977. Naar een globaal ecologisch model voor de ruimte ontwikkeling van Neerderland [Toward a global ecological model for physical planning in the Netherlands]. Ministry of Housing and Physical Planning, The Hague, The Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • van der Maarel, E. 1978. Ecological principles for physical planning. In: M. W, Holgate and M. J. Woodman (Eds.), The Breakdown and Restoration of Ecosystems, NATO Conf. Ser. 1 (Ecology), Vol. 3. Plenum Press, New York and London, pp. 413–450.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • van der Maarel, E., and A. H. P. Stumpel. 1975. Landschaftsökologische Kartierung und Bewertung in den Niederlanden. Verhandl. Ges. für Ökologie 1974. Dr. W. Junk, The Hague, pp. 231–240.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vernadsky, W. I. 1945. The biosphere and the noosphere. Am. Sci. 33: 1–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vink, A. P. A. 1975. Land Use in Advancing Agriculture. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walter, H. 1960. Standortlehre (Analytische-ökologische Geobotanik). (Einführung in die Phytologie; Grundlagen der Pflanzenverbreitung.) Ulmer, Stuttgart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walter, H. 1964. Die Vegetation der Erde in öko-physiologischer Bertrachtung, Band 1: Die tropischen und subtropischer Zonen. E. B. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walter, H. 1968. Die Vegetation der Erde in öko-physiologischer Bertrachtung, Band 2: Die gemässigten und arktischen Zonen. Ulmer, Stuttgart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walter, H. 1973. Vegetation of the Earth in Relation to Climate and the Eco-Physiological Conditions. Springer-Verlag, New York, Heidelberg, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Westhoff, V. 1971. The dynamic structure of plant communities in relation to the objectives of conservation. In: E. Duffey and A. S. Watt (Eds.), The Scientific Management of Animal and Plant Communities for Conservation. Blackwell Sci. Publ., Oxford, London, Edinburgh.

    Google Scholar 

  • Westhoff, V., and E. van der Maarel. 1978. The Braun-Blanquet Approach, 2nd edition. In: R. H. Whittaker (Ed.), Classification of Plant Communities. Dr. W. Junk, The Hague, pp. 287–399.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whyte, R. O. 1976. Land and Land Appraisal. Dr. W. Junk, The Hague.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woebse, H. H. 1975. Landschaftsökologie und Landschaftsplanung. R. B. Verlag, Graz.

    Google Scholar 

  • Young, G. L. 1974. Human ecology as an interdisciplinary concept: A critical inquiry. In: A. MacFayden (Ed.), Advances in Ecological Research. Academic Press, New York, pp. 1–105.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zonneveld, I. S. 1972. Textbook of Photo-Interpretation, Vol. 7. (Chapter 7: Use of aerial photo interpretation in geography and geomorphology). ITC, Enschede.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zube, E. H., R. O. Brush, and J. G. Fabos (Eds.). 1975. Landscape Assessment: Values, Perception and Resources. Dowden, Hutchinson, & Ross, Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baudry, J., and Merriam, H. G. 1988. Connectivity in Landscape Ecology. Proc. 2nd Intern. Semin. of IALE, Muenster 1987, Muenstersche Geographische Arbeiten 29, pp. 23–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boer, M. M, and R. S. De Groot. 1990. Landscape-Ecological Impact of Climate Change. IOS Press, Amsterdam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bohm, D., and F. Peat. 1987. Science, Order, and Creativity. A Dramatic New Look at the Roots of Science and Life. Bantam Books, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brandt, J. (Ed.). 1991. Practical Landscape Ecology. Proceedings of the European Seminar of the International Association for Landscape Ecology (IALE), Roskilde University Centre, Denmark, May 2–4, 1991. Roskilde Universitetsforlag GeoRue, Roskilde, Denmark.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brandt, J., and P. Agger (Eds.). 1984. Methodology in Landscape Ecological Research and Planning. Proceedings of the First International Seminar of the International Association for Landscape Ecology (IALE), Roskilde University Centre, October 15–19, 1984. Roskilde Universitetsforlag, Roskilde, Denmark.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dale, V. H., R. H. Gardner, and M. G. Turner (Eds.). 1989. Predicting across scales. Theory development and testing. Landscape Ecology 3. (Special Issue).

    Google Scholar 

  • Decamps, H., and J. C. Lefeuvre (Eds.). 1992. Landscape of France at multiple scales. Landscape Ecology 5 (Special Issue 3).

    Google Scholar 

  • Delcourt, P. A., and H. R. Delcourt. 1992. Ecotone dynamics in space and time. In: A. J. Hansen and F. di Castri (Eds.). Landscape Boundaries. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 19–54.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Duhme, F., R., Lenz, and L. Spandau (Eds.). 1992. 25 Jahre Lehrstuhl fuer Landschaftsoekologie in Weihenstephan mit Prof. Dr. h.c. W. Haber. Landschaftsoekologie Weihenstephan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forman, R. T. T., and M. Godron. 1986. Landscape Ecology. Wiley and Sons, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Groten S. M. E., 1991. Satellitenmonitoring von Agrar-Oekosystemen in Sahel. Inst. Fuer Geographie der Westfaelischen Wilhelms-Universitaet Muenster.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haber, W. 1990. Using landscape ecology in planning and management. In: I. S. Zonneveld and R. T. T. Forman (Eds.), Changing Landscapes: An Ecological Perspective. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 217–232.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, A. J., and F. di Castri (Eds.). 1992. Landscape Boundaries. Springer-Verlag, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hansen, A. J., P. G. Risser, and F. di Castri. 1992. Epilogue: Biodiversity and ecological flows across ecotones. In: A. J. Hansen and F. di Castri (Eds.), Landscape Boundaries. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 423–438.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hobbs, R. J., D. A. Saunders, and G. W. Arnold. 1991. Integrated landscape ecology—doing rather than describing. IALE World Congress of Ecology 1991 Abstracts 56. Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada.

    Google Scholar 

  • IALE. 1992. Scanning the Mosaic. Brief Reports from the IALE World Congress of Landscape Ecology 1991. Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuhn, T. S. 1970. The Structure of Scientific Revolution. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leser, H. 1991. Landschafts-oekologie. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co., Stuttgart. UTB, Uni-Taschenbuecher 521.3. Auflage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merriam, G. 1990. Ecological processes in the time and space farmland mosaics. S1–15 Recent Development in Landscape Ecology

    Google Scholar 

  • In: I. S. Zonneveld and R. T. T. Forman (Eds.), Changing Landscapes: An Ecological Perspective. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 121–126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miklos, L., M. J. Lisicky, and M. Kosova. 1988. Ecological evaluation of the special-interest area of the Hrusov retention reservoir. In: M. Ruzicka, T. Hrnciarova, and L. Miklos (Eds.), Structural and Functional Relationships in Landscape Ecology. Proceedings of the VIIIth International Symposium on Problems of Landscape Ecological Research, October 3–7, 1988, Zemplinaka Birava CSSR, pp. 9–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moss, M. R. (Ed.). 1988. Landscape Ecology and Management. Proceedings of the First Symposium of the Canadian Society of Landscape Ecology and Management, University of Guelph, May 1987. Polyscience Publications Inc., Montreal, Canada.

    Google Scholar 

  • Naveh, Z. 1986. Landscape ecology as a multidimensional science for global survival. Plenary Lecture, 4th International Congress of Ecology (INTECOL), Syracuse, USA. New York, August 1986 (manuscript).

    Google Scholar 

  • Naveh, Z. 1990. Landscape ecology as a bridge between bio-ecology and human ecology. In: H. Svobodova (Ed.), Cultural Aspects of Landscape. Proceedings of the First International Conference of the Working Group “Culture and Landscape” of IALE, Castle Groeneveld, Barn, The Netherlands, June 28–30, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  • Naveh, Z. 1992. Workshop of the IALE-CESP-IUCN Working Group on Threatened Landscapes, Montecatini, May 1992. Working Paper, IUCN Commission on Environmental Strategy and Planning (CESP), Sacramento, California.

    Google Scholar 

  • Naveh, Z. 1993. Biodiversity and landscape management. In: K. C. Kim and R. D. Weaver (Eds.), Biodiversity and Landscapes: A Paradox of Humanity. Cambridge University Press, New York (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Opdam, P. 1991. The IALE- Working Group on ecological infrastructure—a report and summaries of current research programmes and projects. IALE Bulletin 9 /1: 5–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Risser, P. G. 1987. Landscape ecology: State of the art. In: M. G. Turner (Ed.), Landscape Heterogeneity and Disturbance. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 3–14.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Rowe, J. S. 1988. Landscape ecology: The ecology of terrain ecosystems. In: M. R. Moss (Ed.), Landscape Ecology and Management. Proceedings of the First Symposium of the Canadian Society of Landscape Ecology and Management, University of Guelph, May 1987. Polyscience Publications Inc., Montreal, Canada, pp. 35–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rubec, C. D. A., E. B. Wiken, J. Thie, and G. R. Ironside. 1988. Ecological land classification and landscape ecology in Canada: The role of C.C.E.L.C. and the formation of the C.S.E.L.M. In: M. R. Moss (Ed.), Landscape Ecology and Management. Proceedings of the First Symposium of the Canadian Society of Landscape Ecology and Management, University of Guelph, May 1987. Polyscience Publications Inc., Montreal, Canada, pp. 51–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruzicka, M., T. Hrnciarova, and L. Miklos (Eds.). 1988. Structural and Functional Relationships in Landscape Ecology. Proceedings of the VIIIth International Symposium on Problems of Landscape Ecological Research, October 37, 1988, Zemplinaka Birava CSSR.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruzicka, M., and L. Miklos. 1990. Basic premises and methods in landscape ecological planning and optimization. In: I. S. Zonneveld and R. T. T. Forman (Eds.), Changing Landscapes: An Ecological Perspective. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 233–260.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Schreiber, K.-F. (Ed.). 1988. Connectivity in Landscape Ecology. Proc. 2nd Intern. Semin. of IALE, Muenstersche Geographische Arbeiten 29, Muenster, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schreiber, K.-F. 1990. The history of landscape ecology in Europe. In: I. S. Zonneveld and R. T. T. Forman (Eds.), Changing Landscapes: An Ecological Perspective. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 21–34.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Schreiber, K.-F. 1991. Ecological gradients in the ecotope structure at the slopes of the Negev-Highlands—Their utilization to improve the primary production. In: J. Brandt. (Ed.), Practical Landscape Ecology. Proceedings of the European Seminar of The International Association for Landscape Ecology (IALE), Roskilde University Centre, May 2–4, 1991. Roskilde Universitetsforlag GeoRuc, Roskilde, Denmark, pp. 111–121.

    Google Scholar 

  • Svobodova, H. (Ed.). 1990. Cultural Aspects of Landscape. Proceedings of the First International Conference of the Working Group “Culture and Landscape” of IALE, Castle Groeneveld, Barn, The Netherlands, 28–30 June 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turner, M. G. (Ed.). 1987. Landscape Heterogeneity and Disturbance. Springer-Verlag, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turner, M. G., and R. H. Gardner (Eds.). 1990. Quantitative Methods in Landscape Ecology. Springer-Verlag, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van der Meulen, F., J. V. Witter, and W. Ritchie (Eds.). 1991. Impact of Climate Change on Coastal Dune Landscapes of Europe. Landscape Ecology 6 (Special Issue 1/2).

    Google Scholar 

  • Van der Zee, D. 1991. Remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems for land ecology studies in develo** countries. In: J. Brandt. (Ed.), Practical Landscape Ecology. Proceedings of the European Seminar of The International Association for Landscape Ecology (IALE), Roskilde University Centre, May 2–4, 1991. Roskilde Universistetsforlag GeoRuc, Roskilde, Denmark, pp. 4352.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weinstein, D. A. 1992. Use of simulation models to evaluate the alteration of ecotones by global carbon dioxide increase. In: A. J. Hansen and F. di Castri (Eds.), Landscape Boundaries. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 379–393.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Wiens, J. A. 1992. What is landscape ecology, really? Editorial comment. Landscape Ecology 7: 149–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zonneveld, I. S. 1990. Scope and concepts of landscape ecology as an emerging science. In: I. S. Zonneveld and R. T. T. Forman (Eds.), Changing Landscapes: An Ecological Perspective. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 1–20.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Zonneveld, I. S., and R. T. T. Forman (Eds.). 1990. Changing Landscapes: An Ecological Perspective. Springer-Verlag, New York.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Naveh, Z., Lieberman, A.S. (1994). The Evolution of Landscape Ecology. In: Landscape Ecology. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2331-1_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2331-1_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-94059-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-2331-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Navigation