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Digestion of Nitrogen in the Rumen: A Model for Metabolism of Nitrogen Compounds in Gastrointestinal Environments

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Gastrointestinal Microbiology

Part of the book series: Chapman & Hall Microbiology Series ((CHMBS))

Abstract

After energy, nitrogen is quantitatively the most important nutritional requirement for growth of gastrointestinal tract microorganisms. In the rumen and other pregastric environments, nitrogen is derived primarily from the plant material of the diet. In cecal and colonie fermentation, the nitrogen sources include undigested (by the host enzymes) feed materials as well as endogenous sources such as digestive secretions and sloughed intestinal epithelia. In all of these environments, some nitrogen can also be derived from urea, either in the form of dietary urea or endogenous urea that is transferred to the gut via secretion (e.g., saliva) or directly across the epithelium. In addition, gut microorganisms can in themselves provide exogenous nitrogen by lysis and cell turnover. Protozoa derive much of their nitrogen from the uptake of other gut microbes (e.g., bacteria and smaller protozoa).

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Authors
  1. Michael A. Cotta
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  2. James B. Russell
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  1. Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, USA

    Roderick I. Mackie Ph.D.  & Bryan A. White Ph.D.  & 

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Cotta, M.A., Russell, J.B. (1997). Digestion of Nitrogen in the Rumen: A Model for Metabolism of Nitrogen Compounds in Gastrointestinal Environments. In: Mackie, R.I., White, B.A. (eds) Gastrointestinal Microbiology. Chapman & Hall Microbiology Series. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4111-0_11

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