Abstract
Disease processes and ageing require therapeutic intervention to ameliorate or eliminate, when possible, the effects of pathologies on everyday living. Ageing is associated with a gradual degeneration and subsequent alteration of the balance of the body’s control systems. Drugs are useful therapeutic agents that interact with cellular targets to produce an effect that amplifies or more usually blocks cellular processes selectively, provided that dose and access are sufficient. This redresses the balance in ageing and pathology to increase patient comfort. The relationship between presentation of the drug and effect can be defined mathematically and is used to calculate the target window for administration; however, both pathological processes and ageing can alter exposure as changes occur in structure and function of the body, leading to decreased control of drug effectiveness.
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References and Further Reading
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Wilson CG, Weischies W, Butler JM (2010) Gastrointestinal transit and drug absorption. In: Dressman JD, Lennernas H (eds) Oral drug absorption, 2nd edn. Marcel Dekker, New York
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Physiological Pharmaceutics : Biological barriers to drug absorption (2001) N Washington, C Washington & C G Wilson pub Taylor & Francis (London) ISBN 0-748-40610-7 (hardback) & ISBN 0-748-40562-3 (paperback)
Wilson CG, Weitschies W (2009) Modern drug delivery: physiological considerations for orally administered medications. In: van de Waterbeemd (ed) Drug bioavailability, estimation of solubility, permeability, absorption and bioavailability. Wiley-VCH Verlag, Weinheim, Germany pp. 571–595
Wilson CG, Weischies W, Butler JM (2009) Gastrointestinal transit and drug absorption. In: Dressman JD, Lennernas H (ed) Oral drug absorption, 2nd edn, Marcel Dekker, New York
Acknowledgments
My thanks to Professor Ron Siegel for helpful suggestions with regard to this manuscript.
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Wilson, C.G. (2012). The Need for Drugs and Drug Delivery Systems. In: Siepmann, J., Siegel, R., Rathbone, M. (eds) Fundamentals and Applications of Controlled Release Drug Delivery. Advances in Delivery Science and Technology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0881-9_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0881-9_1
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