Abstract
Northern Ireland was born in 1920 out of violence and civil strife, and violence and civil strife have punctuated its 65 years of existence. But during the relatively quiet years from 1923 to 1968 what went on in the Province passed largely unnoticed in British political circles, except on those few occasions when violence spilled over into mainland Britain. But since 1968 violence and unrest on a fearful scale have brought the question of Northern Ireland to the attention of successive frustrated British governments and of an increasingly bewildered British public.
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Notes
F. S. L. Lyons, Ireland since the Famine (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1971) p. 412.
See Patrick Buckland, The Factory of Grievances: Devolved Government in Northern Ireland, 1921–39 (Dublin: Gill and Macmillan, 1979).
Robin Wilson, ‘Poll Shock for Accord’ (quoting from a poll commissioned by Fortnight in conjunction with Ulster TV), Fortnight, April 1988, p. 6.
Ibid., and Democratic Unionist Party, The Unionist Case: The Forum Report Answered (Democratic Unionist Party, 1984).
Padraig O’Malley, The Uncivil Wars: Ireland today (Belfast: Blackstaff Press, 1983) p. 242.
Richard Ford, The Times, 13 August 1984
Guardian, 13 August 1984
Quoted in Shoot to Kill? International Lawyers’ Inquiry into the Lethal Use of Firearms by the Security Forces in Northern Ireland (Cork and Dublin; Mercier Press, 1985) p. 61.
Northern Ireland Standing Advisory Commission on Human Rights, Report 1983–84 (London: HMSO, February 1985) pp. 24 and 63.
Kevin Boyle and Tom Hadden, Ireland: A Positive Proposal (Har-mondsworth: Penguin, 1985) p. 96.
John Stalker, Stalker: Ireland ‘Shoot to Kill’ and the ‘Affair’ (Harmondsworth: Penguin 1988) p. 92.
Amnesty International, Northern Ireland: Killings by Security Forces and ‘Supergrass’ Trials (London, 1988) p. 60.
Quoted in Northern Ireland Standing Advisory Commission on Human Rights, 1978–79 Report (London: HMSO, 1980) para. 14.
Amnesty International, Northern Ireland: Report of an Amnesty International Commission, 28 November–6 December 1977 (London, 1978) p. 70.
Amnesty International, Torture in the Eighties (Oxford: Martin Robertson and Amnesty International, 1984) p. 60.
Police Complaints Board of Northern Ireland, Annual Report 1984 (London: HMSO, 1985) pp. 5–7.
National Council for Civil Liberties, Strip-Searching: An Inquiry into the Strip Searching of Women Remand Prisoners at Armagh Prison Between 1982 and 1985 (London, 1986).
See also National Council for Civil Liberties, The New Prevention of Terrorism Act: The Case for Repeal (London, 1985) p. 5.
Dermot Walsh, The Use and Abuse of Emergency Legislation in Northern Ireland (London: Cobden Trust, 1983) pp. 33–4 and 69.
Tony Gifford, Supergrasses: The Use of Accomplice Evidence in Northern Ireland (London: Cobden Trust, 1984) p. 10
Senator Mary Robinson, ‘The Protection of Human Rights in the Republic of Ireland’, in Colin Campbell (ed.), Do We Need a Bill of Rights? (London: Maurice Temple Smith, 1980) pp. 63–5.
Quoted in Tom Collins The Centre Cannot Hold: Britain’s Failure in Northern Ireland (Dublin: Bookworks, 1983) p. 92.
Paddy Hillyard, ‘Political and Social Dimensions of Emergency Laws in Northern Ireland’, in Anthony Jennings (ed.), Justice under Fire: The Abuse of Civil Liberties in Northern Ireland (London: Pluto Press, 1988) pp. 196–7.
Official figures from Northern Ireland Information Service, quoted in Kevin Boyle, Tom Hadden and Paddy Hillyard, Ten Years on in Northern Ireland: The Legal Control of Political Violence (London: Cobden Trust, 1980) pp. 27–8
Ed Moloney and Andy Pollak, Paisley (Dublin: Poolbeg Press, 1986), pp. 400–1.
See Patrick Buckland, The Factory of Grievances; Devolved Government in Northern Ireland (Dublin: Gill and Macmillan, 1979) pp. 247–64.
Richard Rose, Governing without Consensus: An Irish Perspective (London: Faber, 1971), pp. 292–5.
Patrick Buckland, A History of Northern Ireland (Dublin: Gill & Macmillan, 1981) p. 72.
See Anthony Kenny, The Road to Hillsborough: The Sha** of the Anglo-Irish Agreement (Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1986) chs 16 and 18.
Sidney Elliott, ‘A Post-Mortem on an Unprecedented Poll’, in Fortnight, no. 233 (10–23 February 1986).
See Anglo-Irish Agreement, Appendix 4, Sydney D. Bailey, Human Rights and Responsibilities in Northern Ireland (London: Macmillan, 1988).
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© 1990 L. J. Macfarlane
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Macfarlane, L.J. (1990). Human Rights in Northern Ireland. In: Human Rights: Realities and Possibilities. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11602-7_2
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