Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ can be conveniently monitored by sensitive Ca2+ fluorescent dyes in live cells. The Gαq involved lipid signaling pathways and, thus, can be studied by intracellular Ca2+ imaging. Here we describe the protocols to measure intracellular Ca2+ for studying PEG2-EP1 activity in esophageal smooth muscle cells. The ratiometric Fura-2 imaging provides quantitative data, and the Fluo-4 confocal microscopic imaging has high-spatial resolution.
References
Krishna Deepak RNV, Verma RK, Hartono YD, Yew WS, Fan H (2021) Recent advances in structure, function, and pharmacology of class A lipid GPCRs: opportunities and challenges for Drug Discovery. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 15:12
Dorsam RT, Gutkind JS (2007) G-protein-coupled receptors and cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 7:79–94
Mo C, Romero-Suarez S, Bonewald L, Johnson M, Brotto M (2012) Prostaglandin E2: from clinical applications to its potential role in bone- muscle crosstalk and myogenic differentiation. Recent Pat Biotechnol 6:223–229
Mo C, Zhao R, Vallejo J, Igwe O, Bonewald L, Wetmore L, Brotto M (2015) Prostaglandin E2 promotes proliferation of skeletal muscle myoblasts via EP4 receptor activation. Cell Cycle 14:1507–1516
Sugimoto Y, Narumiya S (2007) Prostaglandin E receptors. J Biol Chem 282:11613–11617
Markovic T, Jakopin Z, Dolenc MS, Mlinaric-Rascan I (2017) Structural features of subtype-selective EP receptor modulators. Drug Discov Today 22:57–71
Bai X, Ihara E, Otsuka Y, Tsuruta S, Hirano K, Tanaka Y, Ogino H, Hirano M, Chinen T, Akiho H, Nakamura K, Oda Y, Ogawa Y (2019) Involvement of different receptor subtypes in prostaglandin E2-induced contraction and relaxation in the lower esophageal sphincter and esophageal body. Eur J Pharmacol 857:172405
Nelson M, Zhang X, Genta RM, Turner K, Podgaetz E, Paris S, Cardenas J, Gu J, Leeds S, Ward M, Nguyen A, Konda V, Furuta GT, Pan Z, Souza RF, Spechler SJ (2021) Lower esophageal sphincter muscle of patients with achalasia exhibits profound mast cell degranulation. Neurogastroenterol Motil 33:e14055
Nelson M, Zhang X, Pan Z, Spechler SJ, Souza RF (2021) Mast cell effects on esophageal smooth muscle and their potential role in eosinophilic esophagitis and achalasia. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver physiol 320:G319–G327
Odiase E, Zhang X, Chang Y, Nelson M, Balaji U, Gu J, Zhang Q, Pan Z, Spechler SJ, Souza RF (2021) In esophageal squamous cells from eosinophilic esophagitis patients, Th2 cytokines increase eotaxin-3 secretion through effects on intracellular calcium and a non-gastric proton pump. Gastroenterology 160(2072–2088):e2076
Zhu H, Zhang H, ** F, Fang M, Huang M, Yang CS, Chen T, Fu L, Pan Z (2014) Elevated Orai1 expression mediates tumor-promoting intracellular Ca2+ oscillations in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 5:3455–3471
Pan Z, Zhao X, Brotto M (2012) Fluorescence-based measurement of store-operated calcium entry in live cells: from cultured cancer cell to skeletal muscle fiber. J Vis Exp
Cui C, Chang Y, Zhang X, Choi S, Tran H, Penmetsa KV, Viswanadha S, Fu L, Pan Z (2018) Targeting Orai1-mediated store-operated calcium entry by RP4010 for anti-tumor activity in esophagus squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 432:169–179
Acknowledgments
This work was partially supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grants S10 OD025230 and R15 HL168628 (to ZP). J.Y.Y was supported by NIH R25 HL163861 through UTA SURPINT Research Program Fellowship.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Chang, Y., Yi, J.Y., Brotto, M., Pan, Z. (2024). Measurement of Intracellular Ca2+ for Studying GPCR-Mediated Lipid Signaling. In: Brotto, M., Bhattacharya, S.K. (eds) Lipid Signalling. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2816. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3902-3_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3902-3_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-3901-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-3902-3
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols