Abstract
The inflammatory process leading to human labor is mostly facilitated by immune cells, which can be studied by isolating and characterizing primary immune cells from the feto-maternal interface. However, difficulty and inconsistency in sampling approaches of immune cells and short lifespan in vitro prevent their usage in mechanistic studies to understand the maternal-fetal immunobiology. To address these limitations, existing cell line models can be differentiated into immune-like cells for use in reproductive biology experiments. In this chapter, we discussed cell culture methods of maintaining and differentiating HL-60, THP-1, and NK-92 cells to obtain neutrophil-like, macrophage-like, and decidual natural killer-like cells, respectively, which can then be used together with intrauterine cells to elucidate and investigate immune mechanisms that contribute to parturition.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Hadley EE, Richardson LS, Torloni MR, Menon R (2018) Gestational tissue inflammatory biomarkers at term labor: a systematic review of literature. Am J Reprod Immunol 79
Xu Y, Plazyo O, Romero R, Hassan SS, Gomez-Lopez N (2015) Isolation of leukocytes from the human maternal-fetal interface. J Vis Exp 2015:e52863
Kaur G, Dufour JM (2012) Cell lines: valuable tools or useless artifacts. Spermatogenesis 2:1–5
Gomez-Lopez N, StLouis D, Lehr MA, Sanchez-Rodriguez EN, Arenas-Hernandez M (2014) Immune cells in term and preterm labor. Cell Mol Immunol 11:571–581
Olmos-Ortiz A, Flores-Espinosa P, Mancilla-Herrera I, Vega-Sánchez R, DÃaz L, Zaga-Clavellina V (2019) Innate immune cells and toll-like receptor-dependent responses at the maternal-fetal interface. Int J Mol Sci 20
Ando K, Hédou JJ, Feyaerts D, Han X, Ganio EA, Tsai ES et al (2021) A peripheral immune signature of labor induction. Front Immunol 12:725989
Cappelletti M, Presicce P, Kallapur SG (2020) Immunobiology of acute chorioamnionitis. Front Immunol 11:649
Mohd Zaki A, Hadingham A, Flaviani F, Haque Y, Mi JD, Finucane D et al (2022) Neutrophils dominate the cervical immune cell population in pregnancy and their transcriptome correlates with the microbial vaginal environment. Front Microbiol 13:904451
Millius A, Weiner OD (2010) Manipulation of neutrophil-like HL-60 cells for the study of directed cell migration. Methods Mol Biol 591:147–158
Babatunde KA, Wang X, Hopke A, Lannes N, Mantel PY, Irimia D (2021) Chemotaxis and swarming in differentiated HL-60 neutrophil-like cells. Sci Rep 11:778
Kuwabara WM, Zhang L, Schuiki I, Curi R, Volchuk A, Alba-Loureiro TC (2015) NADPH oxidase-dependent production of reactive oxygen species induces endoplasmatic reticulum stress in neutrophil-like HL60 cells. PLoS One 10:e0116410
Guo Y, Gao F, Wang Q, Wang K, Pan S, Pan Z et al (2021) Differentiation of HL-60 cells in serum-free hematopoietic cell media enhances the production of neutrophil extracellular traps. Exp Ther Med 21:353
Ander SE, Diamond MS, Coyne CB (2019) Immune responses at the maternal-fetal interface. Sci Immunol 4
Siwetz M, Sundl M, Kolb D, Hiden U, Herse F, Huppertz B et al (2015) Placental fractalkine mediates adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to villous trophoblast. Histochem Cell Biol 143:565–574
Azari S, Johnson LJ, Webb A, Kozlowski SM, Zhang X, Rood K et al (2021) Hofbauer cells spread listeria monocytogenes among placental cells and undergo pro-inflammatory reprogramming while retaining production of tolerogenic factors. MBio 12:e0184921
Vacca P, Cantoni C, Prato C, Fulcheri E, Moretta A, Moretta L et al (2008) Regulatory role of NKp44, NKp46, DNAM-1 and NKG2D receptors in the interaction between NK cells and trophoblast cells. Evidence for divergent functional profiles of decidual versus peripheral NK cells. Int Immunol 20:1395–1405
Liu Y, Gao S, Zhao Y, Wang H, Pan Q, Shao Q (2021) Decidual natural killer cells: a good nanny at the maternal-fetal interface during early pregnancy. Front Immunol 12:663660
Yu J, Freud AG, Caligiuri MA (2013) Location and cellular stages of natural killer cell development. Trends Immunol 34:573–582
Wu Y, Tian Z, Wei H (2017) Developmental and functional control of natural killer cells by cytokines. Front Immunol 8:930
Liu Y, Zhang L, Gao M, Zhang F, Xu X, Liu X et al (2013) Changes of inhibitory receptors on NK-92 cells and HLA-G on BeWo cells with Toxoplasma gondii infection. Inflammation 36:1440–1447
Mikhailova V, Khokhlova E, Grebenkina P, Salloum Z, Nikolaenkov I, Markova K et al (2021) NK-92 cells change their phenotype and function when co-cultured with IL-15, IL-18 and trophoblast cells. Immunobiology 226:152125
Radnaa E, Urrabaz-Garza R, Elrod ND, de Castro SM, Pyles R, Han A et al (2022) Generation and characterization of human fetal membrane and decidual cell lines for reproductive biology experiments. Biol Reprod 106:568–582
Starr T, Bauler TJ, Malik-Kale P, Steele-Mortimer O (2018) The phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate differentiation protocol is critical to the interaction of THP-1 macrophages with Salmonella Typhimurium. PLoS One 13:e0193601
Montaldo E, Vitale C, Cottalasso F, Conte R, Glatzer T, Ambrosini P et al (2012) Human NK cells at early stages of differentiation produce CXCL8 and express CD161 molecule that functions as an activating receptor. Blood 119:3987–3996
Montaldo E, Del Zotto G, Della Chiesa M, Mingari MC, Moretta A, De Maria A et al (2013) Human NK cell receptors/markers: a tool to analyze NK cell development, subsets and function. Cytometry A 83:702–713
Zhang C, Zhang J, Niu J, Zhou Z, Tian Z (2008) Interleukin-12 improves cytotoxicity of natural killer cells via upregulated expression of NKG2D. Hum Immunol 69:490–500
Acknowledgments
R.M. was supported by UH3TR003283-03 (NIH/NICHD and NIH/NCATS) and UH2TR004117-01 (NIH/NCATS). L.R. is supported by R01HD110400 (NIH/NICHD). Molecular Medicine and a Program trainee supported by the Department of Science and Technology—Philippine Council for Health Research and Development (DOST-PCHRD).
Conflicts of Interest
None declared.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Lintao, R.C.V., Richardson, L.S., Chapa, J., Dalmacio, L.M.M., Menon, R. (2024). Culture and Maintenance of Immune Cells to Model Innate Immune Status at the Feto-maternal Interface. In: Zaga-Clavellina, V. (eds) Maternal Placental Interface. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2781. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3746-3_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3746-3_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-3745-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-3746-3
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols