Abstract
This chapter deals with the general principles of posttreatment imaging of tumors of the osseous spine. Prerequisites for post-therapeutic imaging include clinical presentation and familiarity with the tumor histology, surgical technique, previous radio- or chemotherapy, and access to the preoperative imaging. The recommended time interval for local and distant posttreatment imaging depends on the tumor histology.
MRI is the preferred technique for local surveillance and should include conventional MRI, diffusion-weighted imaging, and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging. In the presence of metal implants, the imaging parameters should be adjusted.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Ariyaratne S, Jenko N, Iyengar KP et al (2018) Primary osseous malignancies of the spine. Diagnostics 13(10):1801
Bancroft LW (2011) Postoperative tumor imaging. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 15(4):425–438
Barz M, Aftahy K, Janssen I et al (2021) Spinal manifestation of primary malignant (PLB) and secondary bone lymphoma (SLB). Curr Oncol 28(5):3891–3899
Bloem JL, Vriens D, Krol ADG et al (2020) Therapy-related imaging findings in patients with sarcoma. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 24:676–691
Charest-Morin R, Fischer CG, Sahgal A et al (2019) Primary Bone tumor of the spine—an evolving field: what a general spine surgeon should know. Global Spine J 9(IS):108S–116S
Chaturvedi A (2021a) Pediatric skeletal diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging: Part 1—Technical considerations and optimization strategies. Pediatr Radiol 51:1562–1574
Chaturvedi A (2021b) Pediatric skeletal diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging: Part 2: Current and emerging applications. Pediatr Radiol 51:1575–1588
Cho W, Chang UK (2013) Survival and recurrence rate after treatment for primary spinal sarcomas. J Korean Neurosurg 53:228–234
Del Grande F, Santini F, Herzka DA et al (2014a) Fat-suppression techniques for 3-T MR imaging of the musculoskeletal system. Radiographics 34(1):217–233
Del Grande P, Subhawaong T, Weber C et al (2014b) Detection of soft tissue sarcoma recurrence: added value of functional MR imaging techniques at 3.0T. Radiology 271:499–511
Deskoulidi P, Stavrianos SD, Mastorakos D et al (2023) Anatomical considerations and plastic surgery reconstruction options of sacral chordoma resection. Cureus 15(4):e37965
Fayad LM, Jacobs MA, Carrino JA, Bluemke DA (2012) Musculoskeletal tumors: how to use anatomic, functional and metabolic MR techniques. Radiology 265:340–356
Franck P, Bernstein JL, Cohen LE et al (2018) Local muscle flaps minimize post-operative wound morbidity in patients with neoplastic disease of the spine. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 171:100–105
Gao MA, Tan ET, Neri JP et al (2023) Diffusion-weighted MRI of total hip arthroplasty for classification of synovial reactions: a pilot study. Magn Reson Imaging 96:108–115
Garner HW, Kransdorf MJ (2016) Musculoskeletal sarcoma: update on imaging of the post-treatment patient. Can Assoc Radiol J 67:12–120
Garner HW, Kransdorf MJ, Bancroft LW et al (2009) Benign and malignant soft-tissue tumors: posttreatment MR imaging. Radiographics 29:119–134
Garner HW, Kransdorf MJ, Peterson JJ (2011) Posttherapy imaging of musculoskeletal neoplasms. Posttherapy imaging of musculoskeletal neoplasms. Radiol Clin North Am 49(6):1307–1323
Inarejos Clemente EJ, Navarro OM, Navallas M et al (2022) Multiparametric MRI evaluation of bone sarcomas in children. Insights Imaging 13:33
Janu A, Patra A, Kumar M et al (2023) Imaging recommendations for diagnosis, staging and management of bone tumors. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 44:257–260
Katonis P, Datsis G, Karantanas A et al (2013) Spinal osteosarcoma. Clin Med Insights Oncol 7:199–208
Kim Y, Lee SK, Kim JY, Kim JH (2023) Pitfalls of diffusion-weighted imaging: clinical utility of T2-shine-through and T2-black-out for musculoskeletal diseases. Diagnostics 13(9):1647
Lalam R, Bloem JL, Noebauer-Huhmann IM et al (2017) ESSR consensus document for detection, characterization, and referral pathway for tumors and tumorlike lesions of bone. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 21:630–647
Lange N, Jorger AK, Ryang YM et al (2022) Primary bone tumors of the spine—proposal for treatment based on a single center experience. Diagnostics 12(9):2264
Lecouvet FE, Vekemans MC, Van Den Berghe T et al (2022) Imaging of treatment response and minimal residual disease in multiple myeloma: state of the art WB-MRI and PET/CT. Skeletal Radiol 51(1):59–80
Legget AR, Berg AR, Hullinger H, Benevenia JB (2022) Diagnosis and treatment of lumbar giant cell tumor of the spine: update on current management strategies. Diagnostics 12(4):857
Liu X, Duan Z, Fang S, Wang S (2023) Imaging assessment of the efficacy of chemotherapy in primary malignant bone tumors: recent advances in qualitative and quantitative magnetic resonance imaging and radiomics. J Magn Reson Imaging 59:7–31
Messina C, Christie D, Zucca E et al (2015) Primary and secondary bone lymphomas. Cancer Treat Rev 41:235–246
Munoz-Bendix C, Slotty PJ, Ahmadi SA et al (2015) Primary bone tumors of the spine revisited: a 10-year single-center experience of the management and outcome in a neurosurgical department. J Craniovert Junction Spine 16(1):91–104
Noebauer-Huhmann IM, Chaudhary SR, Papakonstantinou O et al (2020) Soft tissue sarcoma follow-up imaging: strategies to distinguish post-treatment changes from recurrence. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 24:627–644
Oguro S, Okuda S, Sugiura H et al (2018) Giant cell tumor of the bone: change in image features after denosumab administration. Magn Reson Med Sci 17:325–333
Papakonstantinou O, Isaac A, Dalili D, Noebauer-Huhmann IM (2019) T2 hypointense tumors and tumor like lesions. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 23:58–75
Patel A, James SL, Davies AM, Botchu R (2015) Spinal imaging update: an introduction to techniques for advanced MRI. Bone Joint J 97-B(12):1683–1692
Pennington Z, Ahmed AK, Cottrill E et al (2019) Systematic review on the utility of magnetic resonance imaging for operative management and follow-up for primary sarcoma—lessons from extremity sarcomas. Ann Transl Med 7(10):225
Shao Y, Wang Z, Shi X, Wang Y (2023) Development and validation of nomograms predicting overall and cancer-specific survival for non-metastatic primary malignant bone tumor of spine patients. Sci Rep 13:3503
Stacchiotti S, Gronchi A, Fossati P et al (2017) Best practices for the management of local-regional recurrent chordoma: a position paper by the Chordoma Global Consensus Group. Ann Oncol 28:1230–1242
Subhawong TK, Jacobs MA, Fayad LM (2014) Diffusion-weighted imaging for characterizing musculoskeletal lesions. Radiographics 34(5):1163–1177
Tofts PS, Brix G, Buckley DL et al (1999) Estimating kinetic parameters from dynamic contrast-enhanced T(1)-weighted MRI of a diffusable tracer: standardized quantities and symbols. J Magn Reson Imaging 10:223–232
Van Rijswijk CS, Geirnaerdt MJ, Hogendoorn PC (2004) Soft tissue tumors: value of static and dynamic gadopentetate dimeglumine-enhanced MR imaging in prediction of malignancy. Radiology 233:493–502
Verstraete K (2009) Assessment of response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In: Davies AM, Sundaram M, James SLJ (eds) Imaging of bone tumors and tumor-like lesions. Techniques and applications. Springer, Berlin
Verstraete KL, Van der Woude HJ, Hogendoorn PC et al (1996) Dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging of musculoskeletal tumors: basic principles and clinical applications. J Magn Reson Imaging 6:311–321
Vilanova JC, Baleato-Gonzalez S, Romero M et al (2016) Assessment of musculoskeletal malignancies with functional MR imaging. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 24:239–259
Yamazaki T, McLoughlin GS, Patel S et al (2009) Feasibility and safety of en bloc resection for primary spine tumors: a systematic review by the Spine Oncology Group. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 34(22 Suppl):S31
Yao K, Troupis JM (2016) Diffusion-weighted imaging and the skeletal system: a literature review. Clin Radiol 71(11):1071–1082
Zhang J, Huang Y, Lu J et al (2018) Impact of first-line treatment on outcomes of Ewing sarcoma of the spine. Am J Cancer 8:1262–1272
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Papakonstantinou, O., Vanhoenacker, F., Nöebauer-Huhmann, IM. (2024). Assessment of Postoperative Posttreatment Changes: General Considerations. In: Ladeb, M.F., Vanhoenacker, F. (eds) Imaging of Primary Tumors of the Osseous Spine. Medical Radiology(). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/174_2024_480
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/174_2024_480
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-56885-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-56886-2
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)