Abstract
This work deals with the research of intercalating properties of negative electrode materials for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries. The main focus of this work is on the kinetic aspects associated with the diffusion processes of lithium in the graphitic negative electrode material and sodium in titanate materials in relation to the electrochemical parameters. By comparing the materials in terms of kinetic properties expressed by the diffusion coefficient via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in the state of the base material and after creating the passive film on the electrode, it is possible to determine the application range of the materials and their dependence on the electrochemical parameters. Within the experimental part, the structural and electrochemical parameters and diffusion coefficients of the studied materials are determined by the proposed method.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.3103%2FS1068375521050070/MediaObjects/11987_2021_7207_Fig1_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.3103%2FS1068375521050070/MediaObjects/11987_2021_7207_Fig2_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.3103%2FS1068375521050070/MediaObjects/11987_2021_7207_Fig3_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.3103%2FS1068375521050070/MediaObjects/11987_2021_7207_Fig4_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.3103%2FS1068375521050070/MediaObjects/11987_2021_7207_Fig5_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.3103%2FS1068375521050070/MediaObjects/11987_2021_7207_Fig6_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.3103%2FS1068375521050070/MediaObjects/11987_2021_7207_Fig7_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.3103%2FS1068375521050070/MediaObjects/11987_2021_7207_Fig8_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.3103%2FS1068375521050070/MediaObjects/11987_2021_7207_Fig9_HTML.gif)
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Hong, W.-L. and Lin, L.-Y., Influence of structure directing agents on synthesizing battery-type materials for flexible battery supercapacitor hybrids, J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng., 2019, vol. 100, p. 105.
Aaldering, L.J. and Song, C.H., Tracing the technological development trajectory in post-lithium-ion battery technologies: A patent-based approach, J. Clean. Prod., 2019, vol. 241, p. 18.
Libich, J., Minda, J., Sedlarikova, M., Vondrak, J., et al., Sodium-ion batteries: Electrochemical properties of sodium titanate as negative electrode, J. Energy Storage, 2020, vol. 27, p. 10.
Paleo, A.J., Staiti, P., Rocha, A.M., Squadrito, G., et al., Lifetime assessment of solid-state hybrid supercapacitors based on cotton fabric electrodes, J. Power Sources, 2019, vol. 434, p. 10.
Dos Santos, G.A. Jr., Fortunato, V.D.S., Silva, G.G., Ortega, P.F.R., et al., High-performance Li-ion hybrid supercapacitor based on LiMn2O4 in ionic liquid electrolyte, Electrochim. Acta, 2019, vol. 325, p. 10.
Afif, A., Rahman, S.M.H., Tasfiah Azad, A., Zaini, J., et al., Advanced materials and technologies for hybrid supercapacitors for energy storage—A review, J. Energy Storage, 2019, vol. 25, art. ID 100852.
Muzaffar, A., Ahamed, M.B., Deshmukh, K., and Thirumalai, J., A review on recent advances in hybrid supercapacitors: Design, fabrication and applications, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., 2019, vol. 101, p. 123.
Wang, D.-G., Liang, Z., Gao, S., Qu, C., et al., Metal-organic framework-based materials for hybrid supercapacitor application, Coord. Chem. Rev., 2020, vol. 404, art. ID 213093.
Barsoukov, E., Kim D.-H., Lee, H.-S., Lee, H., et al., Comparison of kinetic properties of LiCoO2 and LiTi0.05Mg0.05Ni0.7Co0.2O2 by impedance spectroscopy, Solid State Ionics, 2003, vol. 161, p. 19.
Zhao, G., Tang, Y., Wan, G., Xu, X., et al., High-performance and flexible all-solid-state hybrid supercapacitor constructed by NiCoP/CNT and N-doped carbon coated CNT nanoarrays, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2020, vol. 572, p. 151.
Yu, P., Zeng, Y., Zeng, Y., Dong, H., et al., Achieving high-energy-density and ultra-stable zinc-ion hybrid super-capacitors by engineering hierarchical porous carbon architecture, Electrochim. Acta, 2019, vol. 327, art. ID 134999.
Fouda, M.E., Allagui, A., Elwakil, A.S., Eltawil, A., et al., Supercapacitor discharge under constant resistance, constant current and constant power loads, J. Power Sources, 2019, vol. 435, art. ID 226829.
Zhou, X., Huang, J., Pan, Z., and Ouyang, M., Impedance characterization of lithium-ion batteries aging under high-temperature cycling: Importance of electrolyte-phase diffusion, J. Power Sources, 2019, vol. 426, p. 216.
Fang, J., Miao, X., Zhang, X., Liu, Y., et al., Enhancing the capacity of activated carbon electrodes by a redox mediator pair for the fabrication of flexible asymmetric solid-state supercapacitors, J. Power Sources, 2019, vol. 418, p. 24.
Libich J., Maca J., Vondrak J., Cech O., et al., Supercapacitors: Properties and applications, J. Energy Storage, 2018, vol. 17, p. 224.
Gurten Inal, I.I. and Aktas, Z., Enhancing the performance of activated carbon based scalable supercapacitors by heat treatment, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2020, vol. 514, art. ID 145895.
Reitz, W., A review of: “Impedance spectroscopy, theory, experiment, and applications,” Mater. Manuf. Process., 2006, vol. 21, p. 425.
Zhou, X., Huang, J., Pan, Z., and Ouyang, M., Impedance characterization of lithium-ion batteries aging under high-temperature cycling: Importance of electrolyte-phase diffusion, J. Power Sources, 2019, vol. 426, p. 216.
Rashid, M., Sahoo, A., Gupta, A., and Sharma, Y., Numerical modeling of transport limitations in lithium titanate anodes, Electrochim. Acta, 2018, vol. 283, p. 313.
Montella, C., Apparent diffusion coefficient of intercalated species measured with PITT, Electrochim. Acta, 2006, vol. 51, p. 3102.
Wheeler, S., Hurlbutt, K., and Pasta, M., A new solid-state sodium-metal battery, Chem, 2018, vol. 4, p. 666.
Fu, R., Zhou, X., Fan, H., Blaisdell, D., et al., Comparison of lithium-ion anode materials using an experimentally verified physics-based electro-chemical model, Energies, 2017, vol. 10, p. 20.
Rui, X.H., Yesibolati, N., Li, S.R., Yuan, C.C., et al., Determination of the chemical diffusion coefficient of Li+ in intercalation-type Li3V2(PO4)3 anode material, Solid State Ionics, 2011, vol. 187, p. 58.
Zhen, Y., Sa, R., Zhou, K., Ding, L., et al., Breaking the limitation of sodium-ion storage for nanostructured carbon anode by engineering desolvation barrier with neat electrolytes, Nano Energy, 2020, vol. 74, art. ID 104895.
Liu N., Shi K., Ma K., Wang Y., et al., Promoting the performances of NaTi2(PO4)3 electrode for sodium ion battery by reasonable crystal design and surface modification, Ceram. Int., 2020, vol. 46, p. 19452.
Kulova, T.L. and Skundin, A.M., A critical review of electrode materials and electrolytes for low-temperature lithium-ion batteries, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 2020, vol. 15, p. 8638.
Kulova, T.L. and Skundin, A.M., Cyclic voltammetry of supercapacitors with the simplest equivalent circuit, Russ. Chem. Bull., 2020, vol. 69, p. 1672.
Funding
This work was supported by a graduate research project of the Brno University of Technology: Materialy a technologie pro elektrotechniku IV, reg. no. FEKT-S-20-6206.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
About this article
Cite this article
Libich, J., Minda, J., Sedlaříková, M. et al. Graphite vs. Sodium Titanate: Diffusion Properties of Negative Electrodes Materials. Surf. Engin. Appl.Electrochem. 57, 542–550 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068375521050070
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068375521050070