A High-matched Melamine Sensor Using Core/shell Nano Particles of Fe₃O₄@Polyrutin–COOH and Ionic Liquid as Imprinted Polymeric Monomers

Abstract

We describe here a magnetic molecular imprinted polymeric ionic liquid (MMIPIL) film by using a functionalized ionic liquid (3-vinyl-4-amino-5-imidazole carboxamide chloride, IL) and Fe₃O₄@Polyrutin–COOH as a functional monomer and supporting materials. The change in the direction of the charge density in the structure of MMIPIL polymer resulted in a red shift of about 100 nm for the characteristic group of–C=O. Polyrutin containing an electron-rich benzene ring and multiple hydroxyl groups not only prevented the aggregation of Fe3O4, but also benefitted to immobilize template molecules. More symmetric amino groups in the template molecules generated more hydrogen bonds and other synergistic effects between MEL and the functional monomers, which resulted in a highly-matched and highly stable MMIPIL sensor. The proposed magnetic sensor lowered the matching potential, and enhanced the signal for the detection of melamine (MEL) in milk powder. Under the optimum conditions, the MEL template molecule showed a significant linear relationship between 5.0 × 10⁻³ and 0.8 μg/L with a detection limit (S/N = 3) of 1.5 × 10⁻³ μg/L. The MMIPIL sensor showed wonderful selectivity and exhibited facile, fast and efficient results in the monitoring MEL with recoveries of between 96.5 and 108.3%.