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Behaviour of high-performance alkali-activated slag concrete-filled double-skin steel tubes under compression loading

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Abstract

This study investigates the behaviour of high-performance alkali-activated slag concrete-filled double steel tubular (HACFDST) columns under axial compression. Utilizing high-performance alkali-activated slag concrete (HPAASC) in concrete-filled double steel tubes (CFDST) results in an innovative composite member combining the benefits of both technological domains. HPAASC, a sustainable substitute for conventional concrete, contributes to improved environmental friendliness, while CFDST enhances structural capabilities. Fourteen HACFDST specimens, comprising six circular and eight square sections, were tested to enhance our understanding of the structural performance of HACFDST members through experimental and numerical methodologies. A numerical model was proposed to predict the behaviour of circular and square HACFDST columns under axial compression. The assessment of experimental and numerical findings demonstrates that the proposed numerical model accurately forecasts the behavior of axially loaded HACFDST columns with circular and square sections. Increasing the L/Do or L/B ratio of the specimen results in decreased axial stiffness but enhances ductility. Additionally, beyond peak strength, square HACFDST columns exhibit a sharper decline in strength compared to their circular counterparts. As the L/Do or L/B ratio of HACFDST specimens increases from 2.88 to 7.95, the compressive strength index decreases from 1.28 to 1.2, emphasizing the need to optimize specimen dimensions to maximize the benefits of steel tube confinement.

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Data availability

The information produced throughout the research can be obtained from the authors upon a reasonable request.

Abbreviations

A c :

Cross-sectional area of concrete

A s :

Cross-sectional area of the steel tube

B :

Width ‘or’ depth of square steel tube

D o :

Outer diameter of circular steel tube

DI :

Ductility index

E c :

Modulus of elasticity of unconfined concrete

E cc :

Modulus of elasticity of confined concrete

E s :

Modulus of elasticity of steel

f cc′:

Compressive strength of confined concrete

f :

Stress

f c′:

Compressive strength of concrete cylinder

f cu :

Compressive strength of concrete cube after 28 days of air curing

f l :

Confining pressure

f yi :

Yield strength of the inner steel tube

f ui :

Ultimate strength of inner steel tube

f yo :

Yield strength of outer steel tube

f uo :

Ultimate strength of outer steel tube

f e :

Strength of confined concrete corresponding to εe

f u′:

Residual ultimate strength of confined concrete given by Saenz et al.

f up′:

Proposed residual ultimate strength of confined concrete

K axial :

Axial stiffness

k 3 :

Reduction factor

L :

Specimen length

m :

Reduction parameter

Ms :

Activation modulus

NaOH :

Sodium hydroxide

P y :

Yield load of a HACFDST column

P u :

Ultimate load of a HACFDST column

P n :

Nominal load of a HACFDST column

P u,test :

Ultimate load of a column determined through experiments

P u, FEA :

Ultimate load of a column determined through FEA

R σ :

Stress ratio

R ε :

Strain ratio

R :

Ratio relation

R E :

Modular ratio

r :

Reduction coefficient

SD :

Standard deviation

SI :

Compressive strength index

t i :

Wall thickness of the inner steel tube

t o :

Wall thickness of the outer steel tube

w/b :

Water-to-binder ratio

ε :

Strain

\({\varepsilon }_{c}^{\prime}\) :

Strain corresponding to \({f}_{c}^{\prime}\)

\({\varepsilon }_{cc}^{\prime}\) :

Strain corresponding to \({f}_{cc}^{\prime}\)

\({\varepsilon }_{e}\) :

Strain corresponding to \({f}_{e}\)

\({\varepsilon }_{ui}\) :

Ultimate strain of inner steel tube

\({\varepsilon }_{uo}\) :

Ultimate strain of outer steel tube

\({\varepsilon }_{u}^{\prime}\) :

Strain corresponding to \({f}_{up}^{\prime}\)

μ :

Ductility index

∆ :

Axial shortening/displacement of a column

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the technical staff at the Structural Engineering lab, computational mechanics lab and Institute Computer Centre of the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee for supporting this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India

    Shivam Kumar, Pramod Kumar Gupta & Mohd. Ashraf Iqbal

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  1. Shivam Kumar
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Contributions

Shivam Kumar: Investigation, Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Writing—original draft. Pramod Kumar Gupta: Supervision, Resources, Writing—review & editing. Mohd. Ashraf Iqbal: Supervision, Resources.

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Correspondence to Shivam Kumar.

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Kumar, S., Gupta, P.K. & Iqbal, M.A. Behaviour of high-performance alkali-activated slag concrete-filled double-skin steel tubes under compression loading. Mater Struct 57, 133 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-024-02407-w

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