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Preparation of porous silicon using magnesiothermic reduction of porous silica glass and electrode characteristics for lithium-ion batteries

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Abstract

Magnesiothermic reduction was applied to porous silica glass grains with a characteristically interconnected pore structure. The prepared porous silicon maintained the morphology with pore size of approximately 30–40 nm, which was derived from the nanostructure of the starting silica glass. Medium-sized grains of the silica glass produced the largest silicon yield. This result could be explained based on the diffusion-controlled reaction mechanism, involving the reaction of SiO2 with Mg2Si to produce silicon. The electrochemical behavior was investigated using a coin-type cell composed of the prepared porous silicon–carbon mixtures and lithium foil electrodes. The initial charge and discharge capacities reached 1382 and 1187 mAh g−1, respectively, which were close to the theoretical value (1329 mAh g−1). After 50 charge/discharge cycles, 80% of the initial capacity is maintained. These results indicate that porous silicon derived from porous silica glass can be employed as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries.

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Data availability

The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author KK upon request.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Mr. Yuji Shiramata in Product Division, Rigaku Corporation, for the measurements and data analyses of SAXS. Deguchi, Shinohara, and Kadono thank members in AIST for the technical support of the electrochemical experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan

    Mina Deguchi & Kei Shinohara

  2. Research Institute of Electrochemical Energy, Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda, Osaka, 563-8577, Japan

    Hironori Kobayashi & Kentaro Kuratani

  3. Product Division, Rigaku Corporation, Akaoji-cho, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1146, Japan

    Hikari Takahara

  4. Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan

    Haruhisa Shiomi, Arifumi Okada & Kohei Kadono

Authors
  1. Mina Deguchi
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  2. Kei Shinohara
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  3. Hironori Kobayashi
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  4. Kentaro Kuratani
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  5. Hikari Takahara
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  6. Haruhisa Shiomi
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  8. Kohei Kadono
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Contributions

MD performed all the experiments, preparation and characterization of samples, and electrochemical experiments, except for the measurements of pore size distributions and XES. KS performed the preparation of porous glasses and samples. HK designed and supervised the study of the electrochemical characterization part. KK (Kuratani) discussed the results of the electrochemical characterization. HT performed the characterization of samples by means of SAXS and XES measurements, and interpreted the results. HS performed the measurements using the surface area and porosity analyzer. AO reviewed the edited manuscript and discussed the revision. KK (Kadono) conceptualized and supervised the study, and wrote the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Kohei Kadono.

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Deguchi, M., Shinohara, K., Kobayashi, H. et al. Preparation of porous silicon using magnesiothermic reduction of porous silica glass and electrode characteristics for lithium-ion batteries. Journal of Materials Research 39, 1758–1769 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-024-01344-2

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