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Polymeric scaffolds for three-dimensional culture of nerve cells: a model of peripheral nerve regeneration

  • Biomaterials for 3D Cell Biology Prospective Article
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Abstract

Understanding peripheral nerve repair requires the evaluation of three-dimensional (3D) structures that serve as platforms for 3D cell culture. Multiple platforms for 3D cell culture have been developed, mimicking peripheral nerve growth and function, in order to study tissue repair or diseases. To recreate an appropriate 3D environment for peripheral nerve cells, key factors are to be considered, including selection of cells, polymeric biomaterials to be used, and fabrication techniques to shape and form the 3D scaffolds for cellular culture. This review focuses on polymeric 3D platforms used for the development of 3D peripheral nerve cell cultures.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by a subaward from the Puerto Rico Idea Network of Biomedical Research Excellence (NTH NIGMS/INBRE P20 GM103475-15).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bioengineering Program, University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez, Call Box 9000, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, 00681-9000, USA

    Radamés Ayala-Caminero, Carol A. Rivera Martinez & Jorge Almodovar

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Puerto Rico Mayagüez, Call Box 9000, Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, 00681-9000, USA

    Luis Pinzón-Herrera & Jorge Almodovar

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  1. Radamés Ayala-Caminero
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Correspondence to Jorge Almodovar.

Abbreviations

CPH

1,6-bis (p-carboxy phenoxy) hexane

CPTEG

1,8-bis (p-carboxyphenoxy)-3,6-dioxaoctane

ADSC

Adipose-derived stem cells

AM

Additive manufacturing

BMSC

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

BDNF

Brain-derive neurotrophic factor

Cams

Cell adhesion molecules

CNS

Central nervous system

CS-PLLA

Chitosan and poly lactic-based co-polymers

CNGs

Chitosan nerve guides

cryoGelMA

Cryopolymerized gelatin methacryloyl

DSP

Dibasic sodium phosphate

DMD

Digital micro-mirror arrays devices

DRGs

Dorsal root ganglia

EGR 2

Early growth response 2

ECM

Extracellular matrix

FFT

Fast Fourier transform

FDA

Food and Drug Administration

FDM

Fused deposition modeling

GelMA

Gelatin methacryloyl

A/GL_GP

Genipin

GDNF

Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor

GPTMS

Glycodoxypropyltrimethoxysilane

GAGs

Glycosaminoglycans

GNP

Gold nanoparticles

GFs

Growth factors

GAP43

Growth-associated protein

HA4

Hyaluronan tetrasaccharide

HA

Hyaluronic acid/hyaluronan

iPSC

Induced pluripotent stem cells

LN

Laminin

LNGFR

low affinity NGF receptor

MSCs

Mesenchymal stem cells

mESCs

Mouse embryonic stem cells

MCS

Multicellular spheroids

NOBECs

Neonatal olfactory bulb ensheating Cells

NGF

Nerve growth factor

NGCs

Nerve guide conduits/nerve guide channels

NCAM

Neuronal cellular adhesion molecules

NT

Neurotrophin

NT-4/5

Neurotrophin 4/5

NT-3

Neurotrophin-3

OECs

Olfactory ensheathing cells

PNS

Peripheral nervous system

PCLA

Poly(chitosan-g-lactic acid)

PCL

Poly-e-caprolactone

PEG

Poly-ethylene glycol

PEGDA

Poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate

PEO

Polyethylene oxide

PLGA

Poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid

PLLA

Poly-L-lactic acid

Ppy

Polypyrrole

PVA

Polyvinyl alcohol

RP

Rapid prototy**

SEM

Scanning electron microscopy

SC

Schwann cells

PMP 22

Schwann cells peripheral myelin protein 22

SCLs

Schwann-like cells

SH-EP and/or SH-SY5Y Cells

Human neuroblastoma cells

SLS

Structured light scanning

SCG

Primary superior cervical ganglion neurons

TENC

Tissue-engineered nerve conduit

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Ayala-Caminero, R., Pinzón-Herrera, L., Rivera Martinez, C.A. et al. Polymeric scaffolds for three-dimensional culture of nerve cells: a model of peripheral nerve regeneration. MRS Communications 7, 391–415 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1557/mrc.2017.90

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