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Heat transfer enhancement through a rectangular channel by DBD plasma actuators as vortex generators

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Abstract

This paper represents a three-dimensional numerical simulation to figure out the application of the DBD plasma actuators as an active vortex generator system to enhance heat transfer through a smooth rectangular channel. This system as an active flow control device consists of a pair of DBD plasma actuators, which have been implemented asymmetrically on the bottom wall by several angles of attack to induce the cross airflow. The investigation deals with the optimum angle of attack according to different Reynolds number (Re) ranging from 2300 to 3800 and alternating current voltages of 31–37 kV. The heat transfer rate, pressure drop, and overall performance have been assessed. The results show the optimum choice for the angles of attack was 30° among various flow conditions. By this design, at the voltage of 37 kV and Re of 2300, the average Nusselt number (Num) increased about 56% and heat transfer performance factor (\(\eta\)) increased about 111%. Furthermore, at the lowest applied voltage (31 kV) and highest Reynolds number (3800), the value of Num rises to 41% and 59%, respectively. Thereupon, as the next optimum choices, angle of attack of 45° at high Re and angle of attack of 15°at low Re enhanced heat transfer performance.

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Abbreviations

\(D_{h}\) :

Hydraulic diameter

f :

Friction factor

\(F_{{e_{i} }}\) :

Electric force

\(F_{b}\) :

Body force

\(h_{m}\) :

Average heat transfer coefficient

\(h_{z}\) :

Local heat transfer coefficient

\(H\) :

Height of the channel

\(L\) :

Length of the channel

\(Nu_{m}\) :

Average Nusselt number

\(p\) :

Pressure

\(\Delta p\) :

Pressure drop

\(q^{\prime \prime}\) :

Heat flux

\({\text{Re}}\) :

Reynolds number

\(T\) :

Temperature

\(T_{w,z}\) :

Local wall temperature

\(T_{a,z}\) :

Local fluid flow temperature

\(T_{w,m}\) :

Wall mean temperature

\(T_{a,m}\) :

Fluid flow mean temperature

\(T_{{a,{\text{in}}}}\) :

Average inlet temperature

\(T_{{a,{\text{out}}}}\) :

Average outlet temperature

\(u\) :

Velocity component

\(U\) :

Fluid flow inlet velocity in the z-direction

\(V\) :

Applied voltage

\(W\) :

Width of the channel

\(x\) :

Cartesian coordinate

\(\Delta x\) :

Length of the plasma region

\(y\) :

Cartesian coordinate

\(z\) :

Cartesian coordinate

\(\alpha\) :

Thermal diffusivity

\(\alpha_{t}\) :

Thermal eddy diffusivity

\(\delta_{{{\text{ij}}}}\) :

Kronecker delta

\(\theta\) :

Angel of attack

\(\lambda\) :

Thermal conductivity coefficient

\(\mu\) :

Dynamic viscosity

\(\mu_{t}\) :

Turbulence dynamic viscosity

\(\rho\) :

Fluid density

\(\alpha\) :

Thermal diffusivity

\(\alpha_{t}\) :

Thermal eddy diffusivity

\(i,j\) :

Index notations

\({\text{on}}\) :

Presence of the actuation

\({\text{off}}\) :

Absence of the actuation

\(x\) :

Local value in the \(x\) direction

\(y\) :

Local value in the \(y\) direction

\(z\) :

Local value in the \(z\) direction

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

    S. Samaneh Miri Jafroudi & Nima Amanifard

  2. Faculty of Technology and Engineering, East of Guilan, University of Guilan, Rudsar, Iran

    Hamed Mohaddes Deylami

Authors
  1. S. Samaneh Miri Jafroudi
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  2. Nima Amanifard
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  3. Hamed Mohaddes Deylami
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Correspondence to Nima Amanifard.

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Jafroudi, S.S.M., Amanifard, N. & Deylami, H.M. Heat transfer enhancement through a rectangular channel by DBD plasma actuators as vortex generators. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 136, 492 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01499-5

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