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Relationships in the Host Plant–Pathogen System Using the Example of Scots Pine and Facultative Saprotroph Lophodermium seditiosum Minter, Staley & Millar

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Abstract

Interactions in the epiphytic microorganism–host plant–pathogen system have been studied using the example of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings artificially infected with a facultative saprotroph Lophodermium seditiosum Minter, Staley & Millar. Changes in the population of epiphytic microorganisms, the composition and content of volatile compounds, and morphological parameters of pine seedlings have been determined for different experimental variants. The influence of two factors (infection with L. seditiosum and mycocompost addition to the soil) on the abovementioned indices has been studied using classic phytopathological and microbiological methods. Volatile compounds and their activity have been studied by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and an adapted Tokin’s method, respectively. The ascospore germination stage has been characterized by an increase in volatile components released by infected needles and a decrease in the number of those compounds released by roots of infected plants. The content of α-pinene in the volatile fraction from needles having necrotic lesions has been found to be 24% less than in healthy needles. The percentage of some terpenes have increased in experimental samples; for example, the content of 3-carene has shown a 2.3‑fold increase compared to the control value. Along with changes in the composition of volatile compounds, an increase in the phytoncide activity of the leaf and root systems of infected plants has been observed compared to those of intact plants. This observation has been confirmed by the results of microbiological studies: infected plants have shown a significant reduction in the number of epiphytic microorganisms compared to the control (healthy) ones. A significant increase in the weight of needles confirmed by the ANOVA analysis has been observed for variants, which included the infection or mycocompost addition to the soil. The effects correspond to Selye’s adaptation syndrome (the activation of physiological processes at the early stage of an adverse impact, followed by the exhaustion of an organism if this load continues).

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Funding

This study was held within the framework of the State Contract (project no. FWES-2021-0011).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 660036, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

    V. A. Senashova, A. A. Aniskina & G. G. Polyakova

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  1. V. A. Senashova
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  2. A. A. Aniskina
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  3. G. G. Polyakova
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Correspondence to V. A. Senashova.

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Conflict of interests. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Translated by N. Statsyuk

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Senashova, V.A., Aniskina, A.A. & Polyakova, G.G. Relationships in the Host Plant–Pathogen System Using the Example of Scots Pine and Facultative Saprotroph Lophodermium seditiosum Minter, Staley & Millar. Contemp. Probl. Ecol. 16, 440–450 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995425523040078

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