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Bacterial Communities of Frozen Quaternary Sediments of Marine Origin on the Coast of Western Spitsbergen

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Abstract

The bacterial composition of permafrost samples taken during drilling of frozen marine sediments in the area of Barentsburg coal mine on the east coast of Grønfjord Bay of Western Spitsbergen has been studied. The study was based on the analysis of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene, carried out using next generation sequencing, as well as using classical microbiological methods (direct luminescence microscopy and aerobic cultivation).The total cell number in permafrost samples ranges from 6.73 ± 0.73 × 106 to 3.37 ± 0.19 107 cells per g. The number of cultivable aerobic bacteria in frozen samples on 1/5 TSA and R2A media ranges from 0 to 6.20 ± 0.45 × 104 CFU/g. Isolates of aerobic bacteria were identified by 16S rRNA gene analysis as representatives of the genera Arthrobacter, Pseudarthrobacter, Psychrobacter, and Rhodoferax. The dominant phyla of the domain Bacteria were Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Nitrospirae and Firmicutes. As a result of phylogenetic analysis of the dominant operational taxonomic units, representatives of methane oxidizing, sulfate reducing bacteria, as well as heterotrophic bacteria involved in the transformation of organic matter were found.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors thank E.A. Vorobyova (Lomonosov Moscow State University) for help in organizing experimental work on the cultivation of permafrost samples; A.Yu. Merkel (Vinogradsky Institute of Microbiology, RAS) for performing NGS analysis and consultation on the method; M.Y. Cherbunina and D.G. Shmelev for consultation on the properties of methane in permafrost.

Funding

The research has been supported by the grant from the Russian Science Foundation for the project no. 19-77-10066 (to Nikita Demidov) with respect to the next generation sequencing and by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG grant no. WE4390/7-1 to Sebastian Wetterich) with respect to the radiocarbon dating and TOC content. Field work at the cryosphere test polygon near Barentsburg was carried out as part of the Russian Arctic Expedition on Spitsbergen (RAES).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

    E. S. Karaevskaya & N. E. Demidov

  2. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    E. S. Karaevskaya

  3. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    V. S. Kazantsev

  4. Vinogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    I. M. Elizarov

  5. All-Russian Research Geological Oil Institute, Moscow, Russia

    A. G. Kaloshin & A. L. Petrov

  6. All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, Saint-Petersburg, Pushkin, Russia

    D. S. Karlov

  7. Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany

    L. Schirrmeister & S. Wetterich

  8. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Soil Science Faculty, Moscow, Russia

    A. A. Belov

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Karaevskaya, E.S., Demidov, N.E., Kazantsev, V.S. et al. Bacterial Communities of Frozen Quaternary Sediments of Marine Origin on the Coast of Western Spitsbergen. Izv. Atmos. Ocean. Phys. 57, 895–917 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S000143382108003X

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