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Effects of high-intensity interval training on cardiometabolic biomarkers in patients with prostate cancer undergoing active surveillance: a randomized controlled trial

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Abstract

Purpose

To report the effects of a 12-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program on cardiometabolic biomarkers in patients with prostate cancer on active surveillance (AS) from the Exercise During Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer (ERASE) Trial.

Methods

Fifty-two men with prostate cancer on AS were randomized to either an exercise (HIIT; n = 26) or usual care (UC; n = 26) group. The HIIT intervention consisted of progressive, supervised, aerobic HIIT at an intensity of 85 to 95% VO2peak for 28 to 40 min per session performed three times/week for 12 weeks. Blood samples were collected at baseline and postintervention to analyze cardiometabolic biomarkers. Analysis of covariance was used to examine between-group mean differences.

Results

Blood data were obtained from 49/52 (94%) participants at postintervention. Participants were aged 63.4 ± 7.1 years and 40% were obese. The HIIT group attended 96% of the planned exercise sessions. No significant between-group changes in weight were observed after the intervention. Compared to UC, HIIT significantly improved total cholesterol (−0.40 mmol/L; 95% confidence interval[CI], −0.70 to −0.10; p = 0.011), non-high-density lipoprotein-c (−0.35 mmol/L; 95% CI, −0.60 to −0.11; p = 0.006), insulin (−13.6 pmol/L; 95% CI, −25.3 to −1.8; p = 0.025), insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 (−15.0 ng/mL; 95% CI, −29.9 to −0.1; p = 0.048), and IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3 (152.3 ng/mL; 95% CI, 12.6 to 292.1; p = 0.033). No significant differences were observed for fasting glucose, HbA1c, other lipid markers, IGFBP-1, adiponectin, and leptin.

Conclusions

The ERASE Trial showed that a 12-week aerobic HIIT program improved several cardiometabolic biomarkers in patients with prostate cancer on AS that may contribute to cardiovascular health benefits and potentially influence signaling pathways in the progression of prostate cancer. Further research is needed to confirm the effects of exercise on cardiometabolic markers in men with prostate cancer on AS and determine if these effects are associated with improved long-term clinical outcomes.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Access to the data will be provided following institutional and ethical guidelines, and appropriate data use agreements must be signed.

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Funding

Funding

This study was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (No. 389507) and Prostate Cancer Canada (No. D2017-1820).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Dong-Woo Kang, Normand G. Boulé & Kerry S. Courneya

  2. Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA

    Dong-Woo Kang & Christina M. Dieli-Conwright

  3. Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Dong-Woo Kang & Christina M. Dieli-Conwright

  4. Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Catherine J. Field & Dhruvesh Patel

  5. Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada

    Adrian S. Fairey

Authors
  1. Dong-Woo Kang
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Contributions

DK and KC conceptualized and designed the study, secured funding, and supervised the project. DK, KC, and AF were responsible for patient recruitment and data collection. DK, KC, and NB designed and implemented the intervention of the study. DP and CF were responsible for biomarker collection, assays, and the interpretation of the biomarker outcomes. DK performed the statistical analysis and interpreted the results. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kerry S. Courneya.

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Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethics approval and consent to participate

The trial was registered to clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03203460) and approved by the Health Research Ethics Board of Alberta—Cancer Committee (HREBA.CC-17-0248). Informed consent was obtained from all subjects. Our research involving human subjects, human material, or human data is in accordance with the Declaration of Helsink.

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Kang, DW., Field, C.J., Patel, D. et al. Effects of high-intensity interval training on cardiometabolic biomarkers in patients with prostate cancer undergoing active surveillance: a randomized controlled trial. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41391-024-00867-3

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