Abstract
Acarbose is an anti-hyperglycemic drug recognized as an inhibitor of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes. Hyperglycemia is a risk factor for wound repair; the inhibition of enzymes involved prevents a post-prandial rise in blood glucose. Sphenocentrum jollyanum Pierre, Menispermaceae, is traditionally employed in folklore to manage chronic wounds. The present study combined the anti-hyperglycemic effect of acarbose and wound healing potentials of S. jollyanum as a modality for wound treatment in diabetic rats. Acarbose (25 mg/kg) was orally administered while the extracts of root and leaf were topically applied both for 14 post-wound days in high-fat diet/streptozotocin–induced diabetic rats. A significant reduction in the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6), number of microbial colonies, and activities of myeloperoxidase with a concomitant increase in the level of vascular endothelial growth factor were observed on wounds of diabetic rats. Dereplication of compounds in the plant material was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography. It revealed the presence of several phenolic compounds with p-coumaric acid (7.4 mg/100 g) and kaempferol (18.2 mg/100 g) being the highest quantified in the root and leaf, respectively. The topical use of S. jollyanum co-administered with oral acarbose effectively enhanced wound healing and may represent a therapeutic approach for diabetic wound management.
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Funding
Financial support was received from Tertiary Education Trust Fund-Institution Based Research (TETFUND-IBR) to Dr. S.A. Adefegha (FUTA/CRD/DiR/TETFUND/IBR/23/23).
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OA: methodology, investigation, formal analysis, resources, writing–original draft, visualization, fund acquisition. SA: methodology, writing–review and editing, visualization, supervision. GO: conceptualization, resources, visualization, supervision, project administration, validation. All the authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Experimental animals were properly handled according to the National Institute of Health (NIH) guide. The protocols used for the animal study were approved (FUTA/ETH/2020/012) by FUTA-Committee for ethical use of research animals, CERAD, FUTA.
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Adeleke, O., Adefegha, S. & Oboh, G. Co-administration of Acarbose with Aqueous Extract of Root and Leaf of Sphenocentrum jollyanum Accelerates Wound Closure in Type 2 Diabetic Rats. Rev. Bras. Farmacogn. 34, 217–222 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43450-023-00475-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43450-023-00475-7