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Modulation of enzymes and metabolites in response to shoot fly infestation in resistant and susceptible sorghum genotypes

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Abstract

Shoot fly is a devastating pest and causes a serious threat to sorghum. In the present investigation, oxidative enzymes, guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), tyrosine ammonia lyase (TAL) and biochemical metabolites were studied for shoot fly resistance in six sorghum genotypes at 15 and 21 days after emergence (DAE). The plant material had been categorized into resistant genotypes (IS18551, ICSV705, and ICSV700), moderately resistant genotype (PSC-4) and susceptible genotypes (SWARNA and SL-44) on the basis of observed shoot fly resistance. All the enzymes showed an upregulated trend in their activity with shoot fly infestation. The oxidative enzymes diamine oxidase (DAO) and polyamine oxidase (PAO) upregulated to 1.6 fold and 2.0 fold in susceptible genotypes. Ascorbate oxidase (AOX) activity was also higher in resistant genotypes at 21 DAE. The increased production of H2O2 by PAO and DAO led to the activation of the H2O2-metabolising enzyme GPX by 3.5 fold and 2.0 fold in leaf and stem tissue of susceptible genotypes as compared to resistant genotypes at both sampling stages. The response of the phenylpropanoid pathway enzyme TAL was upregulated more in leaf of the resistant genotype ICSV705 (2.12 fold) at 21 DAE leading to production of phenolic constituents viz. flavanols and condensed tannin. These key enzymes along with oxidative enzymes enable the resistant genotypes to tolerate the biotic stress as evident from the lower content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBRAS) in resistant genotypes compared to the susceptible ones.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) Patancheru, Telangana, and Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, for providing study material.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India

    Archana Kumari

  2. Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India

    Meenakshi Goyal, Harpreet Kaur Cheema & Devinder Pal Singh

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  1. Archana Kumari
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  4. Devinder Pal Singh
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Contributions

AK performed the experiments, analysed the data, wrote the paper and critically revised the manuscript. MG conceived the idea, designed the experiments, supervised the work with data evaluation and critically revised the manuscript. HKC critically revised the manuscript, experimental design the germplasm. DPS helped in field experiment and critically revised the experiments.

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Correspondence to Meenakshi Goyal.

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Communicated by Mike Taylor.

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Kumari, A., Goyal, M., Cheema, H.K. et al. Modulation of enzymes and metabolites in response to shoot fly infestation in resistant and susceptible sorghum genotypes. CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 52, 221–233 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-023-00387-1

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