Abstract
Association of agriculture with climate change is widely established. Soil constituents and soil salinity along with the amendments for soil improvement are the key contributors in affecting this association. The present study targets the above issue to find the best management practice in terms of reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Indo-Gangetic plain of Uttar Pradesh. The six sites selected for the study varied in salinity level and followed different management practices of organic and inorganic amendments. Emissions of CO2, CH4 and N2O from soil were measured at different stages of rice and wheat/ mustard/ fallow systems. The findings revealed that soil salinity, crop type and organic/ inorganic amendments differently affected the emission as the fluxes of GHGs varied at different stages of crop growth cycle at different sites. Salinity induced variations generally tended to reduce the CH4 emission while increased the emission of CO2 and N2O, whereas organic matter amendment increased CO2 and CH4 fluxes in comparison to inorganic fertilizer application at the studied sites. The site with rice-mustard crop** exhibited the highest CO2 and N2O fluxes, measuring 3645 and 1.9 mg m− 2 h− 1, respectively. Conversely, the highest CH4 flux of 0.873 mg m− 2 h− 1 was recorded at the saline rice-wheat crop** site. Electrical conductivity, moisture content, soil temperature and total organic carbon acted as major explanatory factors for soil emission of all the GHGs. Further exploration and experimentation are suggested with the use of different amendments to reduce GHG emissions in rice-wheat system, for greater sustainability potential. This ongoing research is vital for optimizing agricultural practices and enhancing their long-term environmental viability.
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The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions.
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Acknowledgements
Authors acknowledge the Head, Department of Botany and Coordinator, Centre of Advanced Study (CAS), Institute of Eminence (IOE), and Interdisciplinary School of Life Sciences (ISLS), Banaras Hindu University for the necessary lab and instrument facilities. Bhavna Jaiswal is thankful to University Grants Commission, New Delhi, for financial support in the form of senior research fellowship.
Funding
This work in part is funded by APN (Asia Pacific Network for Global Change Research) project [grant no.: CRRP2016-09MY-Lokupitaiya].
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Jaiswal, B., Singh, S., Agrawal, S.B. et al. Amendment of organic manure to natural saline soil reduced N2O but enhanced CO2 and CH4 emissions. Trop Ecol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42965-024-00347-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42965-024-00347-8