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Effects of Kraft Lignin on the Performance Grade of Two Bitumens Used for Cold Climate

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Abstract

This work aims to characterize the rheological properties of lignin-modified bitumen. Various contents (0, 10, 20 and 30% by total mass of the modified bitumen) of Kraft lignin, which is derived from softwood and were used with two soft and unmodified bitumen adapted for cold climates and standard traffic level (PG 58S-28 and PG 52S-34). Storage stability test and microscope observations were performed to check the stability and homogeneity of the modified bitumen. Brookfield rotational viscometer (BRV), dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) and bending beam rheometer (BBR) tests were carried out to evaluate the thermomechanical behaviour and to determine the performance grade (PG Hn-L) of lignin-modified bitumens. Results indicate that the modified bitumen is homogeneous and no stability issues were observed. Also, results show that using Kraft lignin, as a bio-substitute to the bitumen, increased the viscosity (η), the stiffness (S) and the performance at high temperatures, but it made the bitumen more brittle and less performant at low temperatures. Notably, there is no significant change in the thermal range of use of bitumen (H–L), just a shift in performance grade (PG Hn-L) to higher temperatures. In addition, Kraft lignin has almost the same effects on both bitumen. To this end, the test results show that it is possible to use Kraft lignin to partially replace the bitumen.

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Funding

This project was funded by FPInnovations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. École de Technologie Supérieure, 1100 Notre-Dame Ouest, Montreal, Qc, Canada

    Wesam Al-falahat, Sébastien Lamothe, Jean-Claude Carret & Alan Carter

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  1. Wesam Al-falahat
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Contributions

WA: lab testing, analysis and writing. SL: review and editing. JCC: review and editing. AC: final review and editing.

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Correspondence to Wesam Al-falahat.

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Al-falahat, W., Lamothe, S., Carret, JC. et al. Effects of Kraft Lignin on the Performance Grade of Two Bitumens Used for Cold Climate. Int. J. Pavement Res. Technol. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42947-023-00302-1

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