Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are widely accepted to be the most deleterious form of DNA lesions that pose a severe threat to genome integrity. Two predominant pathways are responsible for repair of DSBs, homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). HR relies on a template to faithfully repair breaks, while NHEJ is a template-independent and error-prone repair mechanism. Multiple layers of regulation have been documented to dictate the balance between HR and NHEJ, such as cell cycle and post-translational modifications (PTMs). Arginine methylation is one of the most common PTMs, which is catalyzed by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). PRMT1 and PRMT5 are the predominate PRMTs that promote asymmetric dimethylarginine and symmetric dimethylarginine, respectively. They have emerged to be crucial regulators of DNA damage repair. In this review, we summarize current understanding and unaddressed questions of PRMT1 and PRMT5 in regulation of HR and NHEJ, providing insights into their roles in DSB repair pathway choice and the potential of targeting them for cancer therapy.
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No research data is included in this review article. Please consult the authors of the individual studies for access to research data and materials.
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We apologize for original papers we were not able to cite but were covered by reviews instead. W.G. and S.Y. were supported by NIH grant (R35GM146749) and American Cancer Society (RSG-22-068-01-TBE). L.L were supported by the Hollings Cancer Center Abney Postdoctoral Fellowship.
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Yin, S., Liu, L. & Gan, W. PRMT1 and PRMT5: on the road of homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining. GENOME INSTAB. DIS. 4, 197–209 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42764-022-00095-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42764-022-00095-w