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Weakly negative permittivity: metal–organic frameworks derived cobalt nanoparticles encapsulated by positive-hexagon-shaped carbon nanosheets

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Abstract

Epsilon-negative metamaterials (ENMs) have gained significant attention due to their promising applications in various fields, such as microwave absorption or shielding, radio transmission, and solar energy harvesting. However, for metal-based ENMs, negative permittivity is usually huge accompanied by high frequency dispersion behavior, which is difficult to achieve impedance matching and performance improvement. In this work, Co nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulated into positive-hexagon-shaped carbon nanosheets that were covered by carbon nanotubes (Co@PHCNTs) were synthesized by carbonizing the zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF), and negative permittivity with weak value and low-frequency dispersion simultaneously was achieved for the first time in metal-based ENMs by fabricating polyurethane/Co@PHCNT metamaterials. The carbon nanosheets with two-dimensional structure were beneficial to form interconnected networks in the metamaterials, and carbon nanosheets were able to reduce electron concentration of Co NPs, resulting in weakly negative permittivity value. Besides, the generation of CNTs on surfaces from carbon nanosheets greatly facilitated electron transport and improved electron mobility, leading to low-frequency dispersion behavior.

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The datasets generated from the current study will be provided by the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (22ZR1426800), Young Elite Scientist Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology (YESS20200257), the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (2019–01-07–00-10-E00053), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52271182).

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Author notes

  1. Chong Wang, **nxue Tang and Zheng Zhang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Research, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, **an, 250117, Shandong, China

    Juan Song

  2. Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Pokfulam, People’s Republic of China

    Chong Wang

  3. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, People’s Republic of China

    **nxue Tang

  4. Department of Applied Mathematics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China

    Zheng Zhang

  5. College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, 201306, People’s Republic of China

    Kai Sun & Runhua Fan

  6. College of Computer and Information Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China

    Kehui Zheng

  7. Department of Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK

    Ni Zeng

  8. Department of Mechanical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, People’s Republic of China

    Zhengyi Mao

  9. School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5000, Australia

    Gemeng Liang

Authors
  1. Chong Wang
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  2. **nxue Tang
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  4. Kai Sun
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  7. Ni Zeng
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  9. Juan Song
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Contributions

Kai Sun and Juan Song, Zhengyi Mao, Gemeng Liang conceived the idea and supervised the project. Chong Wang, **nxue Tang and Zheng Zhang designed the experiments, data curation and writing-original draft preparation, formal analysis. Kehui Zheng, Ni Zeng and Runhua Fan discussed the methodology, conceptualization and reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Kai Sun, Gemeng Liang, Zhengyi Mao or Juan Song.

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Wang, C., Tang, X., Zhang, Z. et al. Weakly negative permittivity: metal–organic frameworks derived cobalt nanoparticles encapsulated by positive-hexagon-shaped carbon nanosheets. Adv Compos Hybrid Mater 7, 4 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-023-00800-7

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