Abstract
The intensity measure (IM), as an index of ground motion record, is one of the most important issues to reduce the dispersion of incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) curves. In this study, a modified version of peak ground acceleration (PGA) of ground motion record called characteristic PGA (CPGA) is proposed as a new ground motion IM to reduce the dispersion of IDA curves. To obtain CPGA, a ground motion is decomposed into several frequency components using the discrete wavelet transform, and frequency components with dominate frequency close to elastic and elongated period of the structure are selected. Then, a reduced version of the original record is reconstructed by superposition of these selected frequency components. The peak value of this reduced record in the form of an acceleration time history is defined as the CPGA. The efficiency of the proposed IM was considered via performing IDA analyses of three moment-resisting steel frames involving 3, 6 and 9 stories, using the CPGA parameter of 15 ground motion records. The results of IDA with IM of CPGA were compared with results of common IMs (i.e., PGA and spectral acceleration at the first-mode period of the structure (Sa (T1)) to measure the efficiency of the CPGA as IM. According to the results of IDAs, the IDA curves with IM of CPGA have less dispersion compared with PGA. Also, at the nonlinear stage, CPGA provides smaller dispersion for IDA curves than the Sa (T1).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Applied Technology Council, & United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency. (2009). Quantification of building seismic performance factors. US Department of Homeland Security, FEMA.
Azarbakht, A., & Dolšek, M. (2011). Progressive incremental dynamic analysis for first-mode dominated structures. Journal of Structural Engineering,137(3), 445–455.
Baharmast, H., Razmyan, S., & Yazdani, A. (2015). Approximate incremental dynamic analysis using reduction of ground motion records. International Journal of Engineering,28(2), 190–197.
Baker, J. W., & Cornell, C. A. (2005). A vector-valued ground motion intensity measure consisting of spectral acceleration and epsilon. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,34(10), 1193–1217.
Baker, J. W., & Cornell, C. A. (2008). Vector-valued intensity measures for pulse-like near-fault ground motions. Engineering Structures,30(4), 1048–1057.
Cao, H., & Friswell, M. I. (2009). The effect of energy concentration of earthquake ground motions on the nonlinear response of RC structures. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,29(2), 292–299.
Chávez, R., & Bojórquez, E. (2018). Seismic hazard maps based on the intensity measure I Np. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering,22(1), 247–256.
Daubechies, I. (1990). The wavelet transform, time-frequency localization and signal analysis. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,36(5), 961–1005.
Dávalos, H., & Miranda, E. (2019). Filtered incremental velocity: A novel approach in intensity measures for seismic collapse estimation. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,48(12), 1384–1405.
Ebrahimian, H., Jalayer, F., Lucchini, A., Mollaioli, F., & Manfredi, G. (2015). Preliminary ranking of alternative scalar and vector intensity measures of ground shaking. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering,13(10), 2805–2840.
Ghanbari, B., & Akhavessiy, A. H. (2018). Influences of temporal evolution of ground motion frequency content on developed dynamic ratcheting in SDOF systems. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Vibration and Acoustics,4(2), 189–204.
Karami, M. R., Ghanbari, B., & Akhaveissy, A. H. (2017). A new approach to identify active frequencies of dynamic ratcheting-inducing ground motion. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering (BHRC),18(5), 761–775.
Kaveh, A., & Mahdavi, V. R. (2016). A new method for modification of ground motions using wavelet transform and enhanced colliding bodies optimization. Applied Soft Computing,47, 357–369.
Kiani, J., & Khanmohammadi, M. (2015). New approach for selection of real input ground motion records for incremental dynamic analysis (IDA). Journal of Earthquake Engineering,19(4), 592–623.
Kiani, J., & Pezeshk, S. (2017). Sensitivity analysis of the seismic demands of RC moment resisting frames to different aspects of ground motions. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,46(15), 2739–2755.
Kohrangi, M., Bazzurro, P., & Vamvatsikos, D. (2016). Vector and scalar IMs in structural response estimation, part II: Building demand assessment. Earthquake Spectra,32(3), 1525–1543.
Kostinakis, K. G., & Athanatopoulou, A. M. (2015). Evaluation of scalar structure-specific ground motion intensity measures for seismic response prediction of earthquake resistant 3D buildings. Earthquakes and Structures,9(5), 1091–1114.
Kostinakis, K., & Athanatopoulou, A. (2016). Incremental dynamic analysis applied to assessment of structure-specific earthquake IMs in 3D R/C buildings. Engineering Structures,125, 300–312.
Kostinakis, K., Fontara, I. K., & Athanatopoulou, A. M. (2018). Scalar structure-specific ground motion intensity measures for assessing the seismic performance of structures: A review. Journal of Earthquake Engineering,22(4), 630–665.
Koufoudi, E., Ktenidou, O. J., Cotton, F., Dufour, F., & Grange, S. (2015). Empirical ground-motion models adapted to the intensity measure ASA 40. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering,13(12), 3625–3643.
Lignos, D. G., Krawinkler, H., & Whittaker, A. S. (2011). Prediction and validation of sidesway collapse of two scale models of a 4-story steel moment frame. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,40(7), 807–825.
Luco, N., & Cornell, C. A. (2007). Structure-specific scalar intensity measures for near-source and ordinary earthquake ground motions. Earthquake Spectra,23(2), 357–392.
Mollaioli, F., Lucchini, A., Cheng, Y., & Monti, G. (2013). Intensity measures for the seismic response prediction of base-isolated buildings. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering,11(5), 1841–1866.
Naga, P., & Eatherton, M. R. (2014). Analyzing the effect of moving resonance on seismic response of structures using wavelet transforms. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,43(5), 759–768.
Newland, D. E. (1994). Wavelet analysis of vibration: Part 1—Theory. Journal of Vibration and Acoustics,116, 409.
No, S. 2800 (Ed.). (2014). Iranian code of practice for seismic resistant design of buildings (IS 2800 14). Building and Housing Research Centre, Tehran, Iran.
OpenSees. (2016). Open system for earthquake engineering simulation. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley.
Palanci, M., & Senel, S. M. (2019). Correlation of earthquake intensity measures and spectral displacement demands in building type structures. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,121, 306–326.
PEER, N. (2018). Strong motion database. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center. University of California, Berkeley Accessed, 8. http://peer.berkeley.edu/peer_ground_motiondatabase. Accessed 27 November 2018.
Shahryari, H., Karami, M. R., & Chiniforush, A. A. (2019). Summarized IDA curves by the wavelet transform and bees optimization algorithm. Earthquakes and Structures,16(2), 165–175.
Song, S. (2014). A new ground motion intensity measure, Peak Filtered Acceleration (PFA), to estimate collapse vulnerability of buildings in earthquakes. Doctoral dissertation, California Institute of Technology.
Vamvatsikos, D., & Cornell, C. A. (2002). Incremental dynamic analysis. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,31(3), 491–514.
Vamvatsikos, D., & Cornell, C. A. (2005). Develo** efficient scalar and vector intensity measures for IDA capacity estimation by incorporating elastic spectral shape information. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,34(13), 1573–1600.
Yaghmaei-Sabegh, S., & Ruiz-García, J. (2016). Nonlinear response analysis of SDOF systems subjected to doublet earthquake ground motions: A case study on 2012 Varzaghan-Ahar events. Engineering Structures,110, 281–292.
Yakut, A., & Yılmaz, H. (2008). Correlation of deformation demands with ground motion intensity. Journal of Structural Engineering,134(12), 1818–1828.
Yang, D., Pan, J., & Li, G. (2009). Non-structure-specific intensity measure parameters and characteristic period of near-fault ground motions. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,38(11), 1257–1280.
Zhou, Y., Ge, P., Li, M., & Han, J. (2017). An area-based intensity measure for incremental dynamic analysis under two-dimensional ground motion input. The Structural Design of Tall and Special Buildings,26(12), e1374.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments which helped to improve the manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research and publication of this article.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ghanbari, B., Akhaveissy, A.H. Evaluation of characteristic peak ground acceleration (CPGA) as a ground motion intensity measure to reduce the dispersion of IDA curves. Asian J Civ Eng 21, 1025–1037 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42107-020-00259-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42107-020-00259-7