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Influence of calcined laterite on the physico-mechanical, durability and microstructure characteristics of portland cement mortar

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Abstract

Most investigations in the literature concerning cement replacement with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) have predominantly focused on the utilization of fly ash and slag, which are not universally available. Laterite soil presents itself as a potential alternative to these commonly used SCMs, particularly where availability is an issue. Commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions, laterite soils have been extensively employed in building construction. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the incorporation of laterite soil calcined at 600 °C as a substitute for Portland cement (PC) in mortars, with the objective of producing sustainable construction materials. The effect of calcined laterite (CL) passing 75 μm sieves as 10, 30 and 50% replacement of Portland cement (PC) on the fresh and hardened properties of mortars was investigated. Mortars were cured at room temperature, and subjected to setting time, flowability, ASR, mechanical strength, porosity, water absorption, bulk density test along with scanning electron microscopy analysis at 28 days. The obtained result revealed the reduction in mechanical properties with the incorporation of CL up to 50 wt% compared to the reference sample only used OPC. As incorporation rates of calcined increased, the flow and setting times (initial and final) values decreased from 197 to 138 mm and 156 to 24 min and 341 to 77 min, respectively.

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Abbreviations

PC:

Portland cement

CL:

Calcined laterite

SCMs:

Supplementary cementitious materials

ASR:

Alkali-silica reaction

CEM0:

Mortar mixtures with CL as 0% replacement of cement

CEM10:

Mortar mixtures with CL as 10% replacement of cement

CEM30:

Mortar mixtures with CL as 30% replacement of cement

CEM50:

Mortar mixtures with CL as 50% replacement of cement

CH:

Calcium hydroxide

CSH:

Calcium silicate hydrate

SEM:

Scanning Electron Microscopy

XRD:

X-ray diffraction

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Acknowledgements

The Royal Society and the African Academy of Science through the funding FLAIR to Dr. Elie Kamseu. Grant; FLR\R1\201402. The present project also received a contribution of the European Union through financial contribution No. PRICNAC-EEPER: MD2022.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mineral Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries (EGCIM), University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon

    Rodrigue Cyriaque Kaze

  2. Department of Civil Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, P.O. BOX 524, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, South Africa

    Théodore Gautier L. J Bikoko

  3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Windsor, Ontario, Canada

    Adeyemi Adesina

  4. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Douala, National Higher Polytechnic School (ENSPD), Douala, Cameroon

    Jean Chills Amba

  5. Ceramic Department, Faculty of Fine Arts, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, 03200, Turkey

    Özgür Cengiz

  6. Department of Engineering Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa

    Abdolhossein Naghizadeh

  7. Civil Engineering Department, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji

    Solomon Oyebisi

  8. Laboratory of Materials, Local Materials Promotion Authority, MINRESI/MIPROMALO, P.O. Box 2396, Yaoundé, Cameroon

    Elie Kamseu

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  1. Rodrigue Cyriaque Kaze
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  8. Elie Kamseu
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Correspondence to Rodrigue Cyriaque Kaze or Elie Kamseu.

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Kaze, R.C., Bikoko, T.G.L.J., Adesina, A. et al. Influence of calcined laterite on the physico-mechanical, durability and microstructure characteristics of portland cement mortar. Innov. Infrastruct. Solut. 9, 248 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-024-01564-9

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