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Formulating high performance fire- and flame-retardant mortars using novel, in situ alkali-activated inorganic polymeric compositions and mineral fillers

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Abstract

Novel, high-performance fire-retardant mortar formulations are produced involving in situ alkali activated, inorganic polymer binder (AAIPB) concept, similar to popular Geopolymers. The formulated mortar after mixing with water will cure under prevailing, ambient conditions. The proposed process of making mortar is relatively simple, economical, only involves dry blending of raw materials, and no CO2 emissions as it does not involve heating. This makes the process greener and lower energy consumption than a cement industry. It makes use of cheap by-products fly ash and other waste products. The finished product is a single pack, dry powder mix, eliminating all handling, storage and corrosion-related problems associated with commonly used two pack, aqueous paste products. The testing was carried out by directly exposing the precast mortar blocks, with embedded steel rod to fire for 4 h continuously at temperatures above 1050 °C. It is established in this experimental finding that formulated mortars have excellent heat stability, minimum mass loss, and excellent thermal shock resistance even upon prolonged heating. Characterization tests like Raman Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopic Images and Thermogravimetric Analysis are carried out to study the chemical changes taking place in the internal structure of material, which provides excellent fire resisting characteristics. One of the results demonstrates the superiority of using potassium silicate/potassium hydroxide as combination alkaline binder/activator instead of traditional combination of sodium silicate/sodium hydroxide. The other results obtained are presented and discussed.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Managements of Gulf Minerals and Chemicals LLC. Umm Al Quwain and PASSIFIRE, Dubai, UAE, for the support, their cooperation in conducting experiments of this study. The authors express their sincere thanks to Dr. Gopalakrishnan GOPU—Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Chemistry, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamilnadu, India, for having helped in recording the XRD and Raman Spectrum, SEM images for the specimens used in the current study. Also, the authors acknowledge with thanks, the support offered by Mr. Kshtiz Solomon, Emphor Life and Analytical Sciences, Dubai, for hel** in providing FTIR data and Dr. Yoshihiko Arao – Associate Professor, Department of Applied Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering-Waseda University, Arao Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan, (https://www.arao.amech.waseda.ac.jp/en/) for some useful suggestions.

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  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Dubai Campus, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

    Pankaj Vyas & Nishant Pandya

  2. PASSIFIRE, P.O. Box 87072, Dubai, United Arab Emirates

    Pankaj Vyas

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Vyas, P., Pandya, N. Formulating high performance fire- and flame-retardant mortars using novel, in situ alkali-activated inorganic polymeric compositions and mineral fillers. Innov. Infrastruct. Solut. 8, 137 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41062-023-01101-0

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