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Population genetic characteristics of citrus tristeza virus from wild mandarins in the Nanling Mountains of China

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Abstract

Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is a viral pathogen that affects the citrus industry worldwide. Knowledge of the genetic structure and evolution of CTV, particularly in CTV from wild mandarins, is limited but essential in develo** sustainable management strategies. With CTV isolates collected in the Nanling Mountains of China, the population structure and genetic evolution among populations were analyzed in this study. The CP/Hinf I RFLP analysis revealed many mild strains, and RFLP group III is the dominant group in the Nanling Mountains of China. Genotypes VT, T3, T30, T36, B165, HA, and RB were detected with VT, and T3 were observed in high frequencies, indicating that the CTV population structure was complex and widely diverse. In the phylogenetic trees of CP, p20, and p23 genes, CTV isolates from Chongyi (M-CY), Yizhang (M-YZ), and Daoxian (M-DX) tended to group, indicating that CTV diversification was maintained by geography-driven. The nucleotide diversity (Pi) value showed the highest genetic diversity observed in populations from Jiangxi (JX) and Hunan (HN), which was consistent with the result of phylogenetic trees. The value of natural selection in all CTV populations was less than 1, implying purifying selection played an essential role in the maintenance of genetic diversity. The neutrality tests and mismatch distribution results suggested that CTV populations were relatively stable. This study provided important information for a better understanding of the evolution of the CTV population.

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We declared that materials described in the manuscript, including all relevant raw data, will be freely available to any scientist wishing to use them for non-commercial purposes, without breaching participant confidentiality.

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Funding

This research was supported by project 31860488 from the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

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  1. College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, 341000, China

    Yiqun Chen, Long Yi, Ke Zhong, Changning Wang, Bo Chen & Shuanghua Li

  2. Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Nanxiong, Nanxiong, 512400, China

    Yiqun Chen

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  1. Yiqun Chen
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  3. Ke Zhong
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Contributions

Field work and specimen collections were carried out by all authors. C.Y., W.C., and Z.K. carried out the experiments. Molecular analyses were carried out by C.Y., W.C., Z.K., and C.B. Manuscript drafting and editing was performed by C.Y. and Y.L. and review and editing by S.L. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Long Yi.

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Chen, Y., Yi, L., Zhong, K. et al. Population genetic characteristics of citrus tristeza virus from wild mandarins in the Nanling Mountains of China. Trop. plant pathol. 48, 270–282 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-023-00567-8

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