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Systematic Review on Flow Cytometry as a Versatile Tool for Disease Diagnosis

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Quantification and identification of cell fate remain to be the most important step within research and diagnostic laboratories.With advances in diagnostics and precision-medicine, there is a huge demand for cost effective, precise and specific cell counting methodologies. Cell counting techniques have evolved over the past 150 years commencing from manual countingusing a microscope and hemocytometer to automated cell counters followed by flow cytometric techniques. In this review, we have discussed on the applications of Flow Cytometry in diagnosing various diseases and its role as a multifaceted tool.

Recent Findings

Flow cytometry is an instrument with a sophisticated technology to analyze various parameters of individual cells flowing in a suspended form through a liquid medium. Physical characteristics such as size, granularity and other parameters can be determined by the property of scattering of light by individual cells under investigation. Its use has also been expanded to various fields in basic and applied research, biotechnology and clinical diagnostics. Furthermore, immunophenoty** of peripheral blood cells and various neoplasms, diagnosis of various diseases by analyzing cytokine detection, protein analysis, cell cycle and DNA analysis and finally, viral and bacterial cell population counts can also be performed using flow cytometry.

Summary

The amazing way in which this technique can provide minuscule details of single cells with a great degree of specificity and accuracy from a complex population of cells within a very short span, has made flow cytometry, an ingenuous tool for disease investigation.

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Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Data Availability

No datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.

Abbreviations

FACS:

Fluorescence-activated Cell Sorter

FSC:

Forward Scatter

SSC:

Side Scatter

NOS:

Not otherwise specified

TB:

Tuberculosis

PPD:

Purified Protein Derivatives

GBM:

Glioblastoma

HA:

Hemagglutinin

MOLT-4:

Mitotic leukemia cells

HCV:

Hepatitis C virus

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Acknowledgements

Authors are very much grateful to B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai for their constant support and encouragement in writing innovative review articles.

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  1. School of Life Sciences, B. S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Vandalur, Chennai, TamilNadu, 600048, India

    Karunya Jenin Ravindranath & Hemalatha Srinivasan

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SH conceived the idea and KJR further combined the data and analysis. Both the authors wrote the review, reviewed and submitted.

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Correspondence to Hemalatha Srinivasan.

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Ravindranath, K.J., Srinivasan, H. Systematic Review on Flow Cytometry as a Versatile Tool for Disease Diagnosis. Curr. Pharmacol. Rep. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40495-024-00359-x

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