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A review of science–policy interface for water governance in the Caspian Sea

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Abstract

Science and policy have been interlinked for decades and perform essential nexus conditions in the governing aspects of environmental scenarios. This review paper examines the present challenges in the science–policy interface in terms of water governance in the Caspian Sea and identifies effective conditions that may be used in the current context to enhance the mechanism. The evaluation of the science–policy link in the water policy of the Caspian Sea reveals a gap between knowledge producer and governance system, impeding the translation of scientific information into action. Complicated and context-dependent solutions make it challenging to establish effective science–policy processes in the Caspian Sea water governance settings. Establishing a common governing authority, implementing water and resource management regulations, and protecting the natural environment through legal frameworks are crucial steps to address these concerns and ensure sustainable development. Collaboration among coastal states is essential in environmental, economic, and social aspects of regional development. However, the lack of a comprehensive approach, coherent activities, and effective utilization of national and regional power has hindered efforts to halt the environmental degradation of the Caspian Sea. Local governments need to recognize their responsibility to protect and utilize the Caspian Sea for present and future generations, considering both environmental and human security. The interlinkage of the Caspian Sea water governance with the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) water governance principles offers a framework for policymakers to assess gaps and make necessary amendments to existing mechanisms. Effective science–policy interaction, engagement of diverse stakeholders, institutionalizing agreements, and addressing collective action issues are critical for successful water governance.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland

    Apoorva Bamal, Sogol Moradian & Agnieszka Indiana-Olbert

  2. Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland

    Apoorva Bamal, Sogol Moradian & Agnieszka Indiana-Olbert

  3. MaREI Research Centre, University of Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland

    Apoorva Bamal, Sogol Moradian & Agnieszka Indiana-Olbert

  4. Eco-HydroInformatics Research Group (EHIRG), Civil Engineering, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland

    Apoorva Bamal, Sogol Moradian & Agnieszka Indiana-Olbert

  5. Water Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, FI-90014, Finland

    Ali Torabi-Haghighi

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Literature review, theoretical development, analysis and interpretation of research studies, writing - original draft, writing - review & editing, and critical revision: Apoorva BAMAL; writing - original draft and writing - review & editing: Sogol MORADIAN; Conceptualization, design, and data analysis: Ali TORABI-HAGHIGHI; writing -review & editing and supervision: Agnieszka INDIANA-OLBERT.

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Bamal, A., Moradian, S., Torabi-Haghighi, A. et al. A review of science–policy interface for water governance in the Caspian Sea. J. Arid Land 15, 1143–1159 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40333-023-0030-7

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