Abstract
In a high-relativistic electron–positron–ion (epi) plasma, the Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation governs ion acoustic waves. This investigation focuses on epi plasma, comprising high-relativistic thermal ions, non-thermal electrons, and thermal positrons, where only rarefactive solitons are shown to exist. Specifically, the fast ion acoustic mode is found to produce tiny amplitude rarefactive KdV solitons. Moreover, the introduction of variable ion species temperatures not only significantly alters the fundamental characteristics (amplitude and width) of ion acoustic solitons (IAS) but also gives rise to a new regime for their existence. In addition, the soliton amplitude decreases as the ion-to-electron temperature ratio rises, while the relativistic factor increases the soliton’s amplitude. These findings have potential applications in both astrophysical plasmas and inertial confinement fusion plasmas.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs40042-023-00955-y/MediaObjects/40042_2023_955_Fig1_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs40042-023-00955-y/MediaObjects/40042_2023_955_Fig2_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs40042-023-00955-y/MediaObjects/40042_2023_955_Fig3_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs40042-023-00955-y/MediaObjects/40042_2023_955_Fig4_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs40042-023-00955-y/MediaObjects/40042_2023_955_Fig5_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs40042-023-00955-y/MediaObjects/40042_2023_955_Fig6_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs40042-023-00955-y/MediaObjects/40042_2023_955_Fig7_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs40042-023-00955-y/MediaObjects/40042_2023_955_Fig8_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs40042-023-00955-y/MediaObjects/40042_2023_955_Fig9_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs40042-023-00955-y/MediaObjects/40042_2023_955_Fig10_HTML.png)
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
References
S.L. Shapiro, S.A. Teukolsky, The Physics of Compact Objects (John Wiley, New York, 1983)
S.A. Voronov, A.M. Galper, V.G. Kirilov-Ugryumov, S.V. Koldashov, A.V. Popov, JETP Lett. 43, 307 (1986)
A.M. Galper, S.V. Koldashov, V.V. Mikhailov, S.A. Voronov, Radiat. Meas. 26, 375 (1996)
M.R. Hossen, A.A. Mamun, Braz. J. Phys. 44, 673 (2014)
M.R. Hossen, S.A. Ema, A.A. Mamun, Commun. Theo. Phys. 62, 888 (2014)
M.A. Hossen, M.G. Shah, M.R. Hossen, A.A. Mamun, Commun. Theor. Phys. 67, 458 (2017)
M. Tribeche, K. Aoutou, S. Younsi, R. Amour, Phys. Plasmas 16, 072103 (2009)
M.C. Begelman, R.D.M. Blanford, J. Rees. Rev. Mod. Phys. 56, 255 (1984)
H.R. Miller, P.J. Witta, Active Galactic Nuclei (Springer, Berlin, 1987)
M.L. Burns, Positron–Electron Pairs in Astrophysics (American Institute of Physics, Melville, 1983)
G.W. Gibbons, S.W. Hawking, S. Siklos, The Very Early Universe (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1983)
S. Singh, T. Honzawa, Phys. Fluids B 5, 2093 (1993)
H.K. Malik, S. Singh, R.P. Dahiya, Phys. Plasmas 1, 1137 (1994)
T.S. Gill, H. Kaur, N.S. Saini, J. Plasma Phys. 71, 23 (2004)
C. Grabbe, J. Geophys. Res. 94, 17299 (1989)
H. Ikezi, Phys. Fluids 16, 1668 (1973)
J.I. Vette, Summary of Particle Population in the Magnetosphere, vol. 305 (Reidel, Dordrecht, 1970)
J. Arons, Space Sci. Rev. 24, 417 (1979)
A. Shah, R. Saeed, Phys. Lett. A 373, 4164 (2009)
E.I. El-Awady, S.A. El-Tantawy, W.M. Moslem, P.K. Shukla, Phys. Lett. A 374, 3216 (2010)
T.S. Gill, A. Singh, H. Kaur, N.S. Saini, P. Bala, Phys. Lett. A 361, 364 (2007)
T.S. Gill, A.S. Bains, N.S. Saini, Can. J. Phys. 87, 861–866 (2009)
W.M. Moslem, I. Kourakis, P.K. Shukla, R. Schlickeiser, Phys. Plasmas 14, 102901 (2007)
S. Mahmood, N. Akhtar, Eur. Phys. J. D 49, 217 (2008)
S. Mahmood, H. Mushtaq, H. Saleem, New J. Phys. 5, 289 (2003)
S. Moolla, I.J. Lazarus, R. Bharuthram, J. Plasma Phys. 78(5), 545 (2012)
M. Sarker, M.R. Hossen, M.G. Shah, B. Hosen, A.A. Mamun, Z. Naturforsch. 2018, 1 (2018)
K. Javidan, D. Saadatmand, Astrophys. Space Sci. 333, 471–475 (2011)
A. Shah, S. Mahmood, Q. Haque, Phys. Plasmas 18, 114501 (2011)
H. Mehdian, D. Nobahar, K. Hajisharif, Indian J. Phys. 2018, 1 (2018)
I. Kourakis, F. Verheest, N. Cramer, Phys. Plasmas 14(22), 1 (2007)
I. Kourakis, W.M. Moslem, U.S. Abdelsalam, M.R. Sabry, P.K. Shukla, Plasma Fusion Res. 4, 1 (2009)
D.K. Ghosh, P. Chatterjee, P.K. Mandal, B. Sahu, Pramana 81, 491 (2013)
R. Sarma, A.P. Misra, N. Adhikary, Chin. Phys. B 27(10), 1 (2018)
S.K. El-Labany, W.F. El-Taibany, E.E. Behery, R. Abd-Elbaki, Sci. Rep. 10, 16152 (2020)
U.M. Abdelsalam, W.M. Moslem, P.K. Sukla, Phys. Lett. A 372, 4057 (2008)
A. Biswas, D. Chakraborty, S. Pramanik, S. Ghosh, Phys. Plasmas 28, 062105 (2021)
M. Farooq, A. Mushtaq, J. Qasim, Contrib. Plasma Phys. 2018, 1 (2018)
A.N. Dev, M.K. Deka, R.K. Kalita, J. Sarma. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 135, 843 (2020)
J. Kalita, R. Das, K. Hosseini, D. Baleanu, S. Salahshour, Nonlinear Dyn. 111, 3701–3711 (2023)
A.E. Dubinov, A.A. Dubinova, Plasma Phys. Rep. 33, 859 (2007)
B.C. Kalita, R. Das, H.K. Sarmah, Phys. Plasmas 18, 012304 (2011)
B.C. Kalita, R. Das, H.K. Sarmah, Can. J. Phys. 88, 157 (2010)
K. Singh, V. Kumar, Phys. Plasmas 12, 052103 (2005)
W. Masood, H. Rizvi, Phys. Plasmas 17, 052314 (2010)
C. Grabbe, Geophys. Res. 94, 17299 (1989)
B. Shen, J. Meyer-ter-Vehn, Phys. Rev. E 65, 016405 (2001)
E.P. Liang, S.C. Wilks, M. Tabak, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 4887 (1998)
M. Marklund, P.K. Shukla, Rev. Mod. Phys. 78, 591 (2006)
K.A. Holcomb, T. Tajima, Phys. Rev. 40, 3809 (1989)
R. Saeed, A. Shah, M. Noaman-ul-Haq, Phys. Plasmas 17, 102301 (2010)
M.G. Hafez, M.R. Talukder, Astrophys. Space Sci. 359, 1 (2015)
M.G. Hafez, M.R. Talukder, R. Sakthivel, Indian J. Phys. 90, 603 (2016)
K. Javidan, H.R. Pakzad, Indian J. Phys. 86, 1037 (2012)
B.C. Kalita, R. Kalita, Commun. Theor. Phys. 63, 761 (2015)
H. Kaur, T.S. Gill, N.S. Saini, Chaos Soliton Fractals 42, 1638 (2009)
B.C. Kalita, R. Das, Phys. Plasmas 14, 072108 (2007)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Kalita, J., Madhukalya, B. & Das, R. High-relativistic effect on ion acoustic soliton in electron–positron–ion plasma. J. Korean Phys. Soc. 84, 120–127 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40042-023-00955-y
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40042-023-00955-y