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Kinetics Study and Optimization of Phenol Degradation from Wastewater Using Surface-Modified nano-Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI)

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Abstract

The removal of phenol from industrial wastewater has been made more efficient by using a surface-modified nano-zero-valent iron (nZVI) catalyst produced through extended ball milling technique. This was validated through measurements such as powdered XRD and FESEM. The study utilized a central composite design (CCD) to optimize the experimental settings and create a statistical model that examined the impact of four independent process parameters, including nZVI dosage, initial phenol concentration, pH, and hydrogen peroxide concentration. The results showed that at the optimal parameter values of 0.36 g/L nZVI dosage, 1.95 mM initial phenol concentration, 1.90 mM hydrogen peroxide dose, and pH 7, a maximum removal efficiency of 91.01% was achieved within 30 min.

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Acknowledgements

We are highly thankful to the Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Calcutta and Department of BSHU, Asansol Engineering College, for necessary support and granting permission to publish this work.

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Only institution funding is utilized. No special grant received.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Asansol Engineering College, Kanyapur, Asansol, 713305, India

    Avik De

  2. Department of Physics, Asansol Engineering College, Kanyapur, Asansol, 713305, India

    Sandip Haldar

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, University College of Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700010, India

    Asim De & Debasish Sarkar

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  1. Avik De
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  2. Asim De
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  4. Debasish Sarkar
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Contributions

AD (Avik De) contributed to laboratory-based work and paper writing. DS contributed to-RSM including mathematical modeling for phenol kinetics. AD (Asim De) contributed to-conceptualization and editing of paper. SH contributed to-characterization of nanoparticles.

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Correspondence to Avik De.

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De, A., De, A., Haldar, S. et al. Kinetics Study and Optimization of Phenol Degradation from Wastewater Using Surface-Modified nano-Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI). J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. A 104, 591–601 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40030-023-00748-3

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