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Intracranial extra-axial chondromas: clues to computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis

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Abstract

Aim

We aimed to describe the computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings of intracranial extra-axial chondroma.

Material and methods

We retrospectively evaluated the imaging findings of CT and MR examinations of six patients (three men and three women, aged 21–66 years) with histopathological diagnoses of intracranial extra-axial chondroma.

Results

Four tumors were located in the frontal region and two in the cavernous sinus. All the tumors showed low signals on diffusion-weighted images and high signals on apparent diffusion coefficient maps without restricted diffusion. There was no perifocal edema in all the tumors. Cavernous sinus chondromas were associated with bone erosion and anterior displacement of the internal carotid arteries, but without calcification. Calcification was present in all frontal chondromas. All the tumors revealed low signals on T1-weighted MR images. Frontal chondromas revealed mixed signals, but cavernous sinus chondromas were brightly hyperintense on T2-weighted MR images. No enhancement was detected in the two chondromas. An intense homogeneous enhancement was detected in a cavernous sinus chondroma.

Conclusion

The imaging appearances of frontal extra-axial chondromas and cavernous sinus chondromas may have different imaging appearances. Although there is a wide range of imaging findings, the absence of restricted diffusion, perifocal edema, enhancement, and presence of low signals on T1-weighted MR images in a well-circumscribed calcified extra-axial mass should suggest an intracranial chondroma.

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Abbreviations

CT:

Computed tomography

MR:

Magnetic resonance

T:

Tesla

FFE:

Fast field echo

W:

Weighted

FSE:

Fast spin echo

FLAIR:

Fluid attenuation inversion recovery

DWI:

Diffusion-weighted imaging

ADC:

Apparent diffusion coefficient

GRE:

Gradient-recalled echo

SWI:

Susceptibility-weighted imaging

3D:

Three-dimensional

TFE:

Turbo-field echo

GKS:

Gamma knife radiosurgery

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinic of Radiology, Bahçeşehir University Göztepe Medical Park Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Mustafa Kemal Demir

  2. Department of Pathology, Bahçeşehir University School of Medicine, Göztepe Medical Park Training and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Özlem Yapıcıer

  3. Intern Medical Student, Bahçeşehir University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey

    Ozge Ecertastan

  4. Department of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir University School of Medicine, Göztepe Medical Park Training and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Önder Ertem, Deniz Kılıc & Türker Kılıc

  5. Department of Neurosurgery, Bahçeşehir University School of Medicine, Gaziantep Medical Point Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

    Aslan Güzel

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  1. Mustafa Kemal Demir
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  2. Özlem Yapıcıer
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Correspondence to Mustafa Kemal Demir.

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Demir, M.K., Yapıcıer, Ö., Ertem, Ö. et al. Intracranial extra-axial chondromas: clues to computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis. Acta Neurol Belg (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13760-024-02559-0

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