Abstract
Granuloviruses (GVs) Betabaculovirus associated with the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), especially those of the type I, have scarcely been studied. These GVs might be an effective alternative for the biocontrol of this insect. In this study, the native GVs SfGV-CH13 and SfGV-CH28 were isolated from FAW larvae and characterized for morphology, molecular traits, and insecticidal activity. The elapsed time between symptomatic infection of larvae and stop feeding as well as the weight of larvae before death or prior to pupation were also evaluated. Both GVs had ovoid shape and a length of 0.4 µm. They had the same DNA restriction profiles and their genome sizes were about 126 kb. The symptomatic infection with the tested GVs mainly caused flaccidity of larva body and discoloration of integument. The integument lysis was only observed in 8% of infected larvae. Infected larvae gradually stopped feeding. Overall, these symptoms are characteristic of infections caused by type I GVs, which are known as monoorganotropic or slow-killing GVs. The median lethal dose (LD50) values for SfGV-CH13 and SfGV-CH28 isolates were 5.4 × 102 and 1.1 × 103 OBs/larva, respectively. The median lethal time (LT50) ranged from 17 to 24 days. LT50 values decreased as the viral dose was increased. The elapsed time from symptomatic infection until pupation and body weight of larvae (third instar) were higher with SfGV-CH28 than SfGV-CH13. Both granulovirus isolates were able to kill the FAW larvae from the 12th day.
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The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Magali Ordóñez García thanks the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT–México) for the provided PhD scholarship.
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This research was supported by the Secretaría de Agricultura, Ganadería, Desarrollo Rural, Pesca y Alimentación (SAGARPA-COFUPRO, México; No. CH1600001442).
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. MOG designed research, conducted experiments, and wrote the manuscript. JCBR conducted experiments. JJOP wrote and edited the manuscript. CHAM and MASM analyzed data and edited the manuscript. OJCC and MOEV interpreted data and edited the manuscript. MAMO interpreted data and conducted research. CRV conceived research and wrote and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Ordóñez-García, M., Bustillos-Rodríguez, J.C., de Jesús Ornelas-Paz, J. et al. Morphological, Biological, and Molecular Characterization of Type I Granuloviruses of Spodoptera frugiperda. Neotrop Entomol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-024-01172-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-024-01172-3