Abstract
The ability of an organism to respond to nutritional stress can be a plastic character under the action of natural selection, affecting several characteristics, including life history and energy storage. The genus Drosophila (Diptera; Drosophilidae) presents high variability regarding natural resource exploration. However, most works on this theme have studied the model species D. melanogaster Meigen, 1830 and little is known about Neotropical drosophilids. Here we evaluate the effects of three diets, with different carbohydrate-to-protein ratios, on life history (viability and development time) and metabolic pools (triglycerides, glycogen, and total soluble protein contents) of three Neotropical species of Drosophila: D. maculifrons Duda, 1927; D. ornatifrons Duda, 1927, both of the subgenus Drosophila Sturtevant, 1939, and D. willistoni Sturtevant, 1916 of the subgenus Sophophora Sturtevant, 1939. Our results showed that only D. willistoni was viable on all diets, D. maculifrons was not viable on the sugary diet, while D. ornatifrons was barely viable on this diet. The sugary diet increased the development time of D. willistoni and D. ornatifrons, and D. willistoni glycogen content. Thus, the viability of D. maculifrons and D. ornatifrons seems to depend on a certain amount of protein and/or a low concentration of carbohydrate in the diet. A more evident effect of the diets on triglyceride and protein pools was detected in D. ornatifrons, which could be related to the adult attraction to dung and carrion baited pitfall as food resource tested in nature. Our results demonstrated that the evolutionary history and differential adaptations to natural macronutrient resources are important to define the amplitude of response that a species can present when faced with dietary variation.
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Data Availability
The datasets generated and analyzed of the current study are available from the corresponding author when requested.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the followed agencies/institutions for supporting this work: Fundação Araucária (Process 5773/17, Covenant 17/2017) and Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste (UNICENTRO). Camila Heloise dos Santos was granted a Master Degree Scholarship from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Brasil. We also thank Dr. Vera Lucia Valente (UFRS), Dr. Maura Helena Manfrin (USP), and Dr. Lilian Madi-Ravazzi (UNESP) for their support during collections, and Dr. Najeh Maissar Khalil, Dr. Welligton Luciano Braguini, and Dr. Rosilene Rebeca for their support with the metabolic pool analyses. We also thank Ms. Robin Hambly for the English language revision.
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Rogério Pincela Mateus and Luciana Paes de Barros Machado contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by all authors. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Rogério Pincela Mateus and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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dos Santos, C.H., Gustani, E.C., Machado, L.P.B. et al. Dietary Variation Effect on Life History Traits and Energy Storage in Neotropical Species of Drosophila (Diptera; Drosophilidae). Neotrop Entomol 53, 578–595 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-024-01147-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-024-01147-4