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Characterization of cellulosic plant fiber extracted from Waltheria indica Linn. stem

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Abstract

Biomass-based fiber-reinforced polymer composites have emerged as a pioneering alternative for polymer matrix composites due to their low strength-to-weight ratio and as most synthetic fibers are non-biodegradable and hazardous. The paper aims to investigate the physiochemical, thermal stability, and surface properties of Waltheria indica Linnaeus stem fiber (WiLSF) to explore its suitability as a reinforcing agent in polymer composites as an alternative to synthetic fiber. In our study, the chemical analysis of WiLSF—determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy—reveals a higher constituent of cellulose (60.54%) and the least wax content (0.42%), which gives WiLSF excellent bonding and structural properties. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the semi-crystalline nature of the fiber with a crystallinity index (46.59%) and crystalline size (0.50 nm). Moreover, the density of WiLSF is 1265 kg/m3, which is comparatively much less than most synthetic fiber. In addition, WiLSF has high thermal stability (245.9 °C) and activation energy (116.94 kJ/mol). The study confirms WiLSF is an ideal biomass-based alternative for synthetic fibers and could be widely used in the fiber industry in making biofiber-incorporated composites and various other applications.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author. The data are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions.

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Acknowledgements

First author acknowledges the Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore -Tamil Nadu, India, Shiv Kumar—copyeditor, and RadoChemMAX, Nagercoil for providing research lab facilities to carry out this research work.

Funding

The authors received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, 641014, Tamil Nadu, India

    G. Suganya Priyadharshini & R. Vishnu

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore, 641022, Tamil Nadu, India

    T. Velmurugan

  3. Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok, 10800, Thailand

    Indran Suyambulingam, M. R. Sanjay & Suchart Siengchin

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  1. G. Suganya Priyadharshini
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Contributions

G. Suganya Priyadharshini—conceptualization, investigation, methodology, writing original draft, visualization and data curation. T. Velmurugan—conceptualization, investigation, methodology, visualization and data curation. S. Indran—formal analysis, validation, writing—review and editing, project administration, supervision. M.R. Sanjay—formal analysis, validation, writing—review and editing, project administration, supervision. Suchart Siengchin—resources, complete analysis of the work with technical correction. R. Vishnu—visualization and supported for data interpretation.

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Correspondence to G. Suganya Priyadharshini.

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Priyadharshini, G.S., Velmurugan, T., Suyambulingam, I. et al. Characterization of cellulosic plant fiber extracted from Waltheria indica Linn. stem. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04270-1

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