Abstract
The vegetative desiccation tolerance of Selaginella brachystachya has been evaluated for its ability to revive from a desiccation (air dry) state and start normal functioning when rehydrated. In this study, S. brachystachya was identified by DNA barcoding. Experiments were conducted using the detached hydrated, desiccated and rehydrated fronds under laboratory conditions to understand the mechanism of revival upon the water availability. Scanning Electron Microscope images during desiccation showed closed stomata and inside curled leaves. Chlorophyll concentration decreased by 1.1 fold in desiccated state and recovered completely upon rehydration. However, the total carotenoid content decreased 4.5 fold while the anthocyanin concentration increased 5.98 fold and the CO2 exchange rate became negative during desiccation. Lipid peroxidation and superoxide radical production were enhanced during desiccation by 68.32 and 73.4%, respectively. Relative electrolyte leakage was found to be minimal during desiccation. Activities of antioxidant enzymes, namely peroxidase (158.33%), glutathione reductase (107.70%), catalase (92.95%) and superoxide dismutase (184.70%) were found to be higher in the desiccated state. The proline concentration increased by 1.4 fold, starch concentration decreased 3.9 fold and sucrose content increased 2.8 fold during desiccation. Upon rehydration, S. brachystachya recovered its original morphology, physiological and biochemical functions. Our results demonstrate that S. brachystachya minimizes desiccation stress through a range of morphological, physiological and biochemical mechanisms. These results provide useful insights into desiccation tolerance mechanisms for potential utilization in enhancing stress tolerance in crop plants.
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The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Authors are Grateful to CEFIPRA/IFCPRA. New Delhi. India for funding support [Project No. IFC/5300-BA/2015/36]. Entitled "A Comparative Systems Biology Approach for Understanding Desiccation Tolerance in Forage Grasses and Selaginella sps". We thank Tumkur University, Karnataka, India, University of Rouen, Rouen, France and Kuvempu University, Karnataka, India for providing Infrastructure and administrative support to carry out this research work.
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YNS, BP, and BG, conducted the survey, collected plants, performed the experiments, analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript. YR conducted Scanning Electron Microscopy. JS done molecular identification of experimental plant species. AD, SRG and YK designed the experiments and corrected the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript for publication.
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Neeragunda Shivaraj, Y., Plancot, B., Ramdani, Y. et al. Physiological and biochemical responses involved in vegetative desiccation tolerance of resurrection plant Selaginella brachystachya. 3 Biotech 11, 135 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-021-02667-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-021-02667-1