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Microwave assisted cisplatin-loaded CeO2/GO/c-MWCNT hybrid as drug delivery system in cervical cancer therapy

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Abstract

In this work, we prepared a spherical CeO2/GO/c-MWCNT (Cerium oxide/Graphene oxide/Multiwalled Carbon nanotube) nanocomposite whose surface morphology looks porous and fibrous. The stacked layer of GO and c-MWCNT was stuffed with porous aminatedCeO2nanoparticles (NPs). Their physio-chemico aspects were probed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. In addition, proposed porous CeO2/GO/c-MWCNT hybrid nanosystem, cisplatin-loaded CeO2/GO/c-MWCNT hybrid system (CeO2/CDDP-GO/c-MWCNT) and cisplatin (CDDP) was subjected to HeLa cells to examine % cell inhibition under a suitable in-vitro microenvironment. % Cell Inhibition at 1000 µg/mL of CeO2/CDDP-GO/c-MWCNT system was found to be of 91.82% and for 7.8 µg/mL concentration, it was found to be 61.41% on HeLa cell lines. CeO2/GO/c-MWCNT system has achieved 99.96% encapsulation efficiency with cisplatin drug. Hence, Cytotoxicity results are more significant for CeO2/CDDP-GO/c-MWCNT when compared to CeO2/GO/c-MWCNT system. Further, the developed CeO2/CDDP-GO/c-MWCNT hybrid nanosystem was taken up for Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide (AO/EB) dual fluorescence staining study to record the morphology assisted variations in both live and dead cells using fluorescence spectroscopy. Later, a flow cytometry study was performed to monitor the cell cycle at which the maximum cells were dead. In the current work, at the first stage (R1) the CeO2/CDDP-GO/c-MWCNT system was able to kill 3,76,659 cells in a cell culture medium that has a total volume of 4,91,748 HeLa cells at a lower concentration of 15.6 µg/mL. Based on the observations from the present in-vitro investigations, the developed CeO2/CDDP-GO/c-MWCNT hybrid nanosystem can be used as therapeutic platform for cervical cancer.

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Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Thandalam, Tamil Nadu, 602 105, India

    J. Saranya

  2. Materials and MEMS Laboratory, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603 110, India

    B. S. Sreeja

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603 110, India

    P. Senthil Kumar

  4. Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603 110, India

    B. S. Sreeja & P. Senthil Kumar

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  1. J. Saranya
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All authors gave their full contribution JS: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Writing – Original draft preparation. BSS: Data Curation, Validation & Formal Analysis. PS: Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision.

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Correspondence to J. Saranya or P. Senthil Kumar.

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Saranya, J., Sreeja, B.S. & Senthil Kumar, P. Microwave assisted cisplatin-loaded CeO2/GO/c-MWCNT hybrid as drug delivery system in cervical cancer therapy. Appl Nanosci 13, 4219–4233 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-023-02856-9

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