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Genotype by environment interaction and stability analysis using AMMI and GGE-biplot models for yield of Arabica coffee genotypes in south Ethiopia

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Abstract

Coffee yield is a complex quantitative trait whose expression is determined by genotype, environment, and genotype by environment interaction (GEI). Seventeen Arabica coffee genotypes were evaluated in twelve environments in south Ethiopia to analyze the extent of GEI effect on Arabica coffee yield and to identify the highest yielding and stable genotypes. The experiment was established using RCBD with three replications at each location. The results revealed significant differences among genotypes, environments, and GEI, with an explained proportion of variation of 3.26%, 71.74%, and 17.52%, respectively. According to GGE-biplot and AMMI models, G7, G16, G5, G14, G15, G12, G11, and G13 were identified as high-yielding genotypes. Likewise, E7, E1, E5, E3, and E11 were classified as favorable environments. According to the AMMI and GGE biplot models and various stability indices (AMMI stability value, cultivar superiority index, and yield stability index), G16 (AW7705) was the highest bean yielder in tons per hectare and the most stable genotype. Therefore, AW7705 was discovered to be a promising candidate, which can be considered desirable genotypes in further tests, to releasing a new variety for Arabica coffee growing regions of southern Ethiopia and other similar agro-ecologies elsewhere. G7 (AW105) was the most yielding but an unstable genotype and can be considered in the specific target environments. Since the environment and GEI explained significant variations in coffee yield, testing genotypes in diverse environments prior to deciding on any variety to use under wider agro-ecology is recommended for coffee breeders to identify stable and high-yielding coffee varieties.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research and partly by an institutional collaboration program between Hawassa University (Ethiopia) and the Norwegian University of Life Science.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Wondo Genet Center, Hawassa, Ethiopia

    Habtamu Gebreselassie

  2. Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia

    Habtamu Gebreselassie, Bizuayehu Tesfaye & Andargachewu Gedebo

  3. Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    Habtamu Gebreselassie & Kassaye Tolessa

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The field experiment establishment, data collection, analysis, interpretation, and writing the original draft were made by the corresponding author; while the co-authors contribute in conceptualization, review, and editing the paper.

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Correspondence to Habtamu Gebreselassie.

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The collection of plant material was carried out in accordance with the guidelines provided by the authors’ institution (Ethiopian Institute of Agriculture, Wondogenet Center).

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Gebreselassie, H., Tesfaye, B., Gedebo, A. et al. Genotype by environment interaction and stability analysis using AMMI and GGE-biplot models for yield of Arabica coffee genotypes in south Ethiopia. J. Crop Sci. Biotechnol. 27, 65–77 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12892-023-00213-4

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