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Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Dual-Phase Refractory HfTiZr Medium-Entropy Alloy with the Small Addition of Dy and Nd

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Abstract

The present investigation aims to examine the impact of incorporating rare earth elements (Dy and Nd) into dual-phase hexagonal close-packed (HCP) ternary refractory medium-entropy alloy HfTiZr. The HfTiZr, (HfTiZr)98Dy2, and (HfTiZr)96Dy2Nd2 alloy exhibit yield strength of 356.95, 424.53, and 458.81 MPa, respectively, and ductility of 8.5, 11, and 10% elongation, respectively. A comparative investigation is conducted to analyze the microstructure and mechanical properties of HfTiZr, (HfTiZr)98Dy2, and (HfTiZr)96Dy2Nd2. With the addition of Dy and Nd, the alloy exhibits an increase in BCC phase fraction with basket weave morphology. The micro indentation technique was employed to determine the average hardness values of 6.35, 7.58, and 8.59 GPa for the materials HfTiZr, (HfTiZr)98Dy2, and (HfTiZr)96Dy2Nd2, respectively. The observed rise in hardness can be attributed to the concurrent increase in solid solution hardening, which arises from the introduction of larger atomic radii, leading to an increase in lattice distortion. The present study presents a novel approach to include rare earth elements into ternary refractory alloys, thereby facilitating the formation of a dual-phase structure and leading to improved mechanical properties.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), and Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India, for supporting us in conducting this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India

    Abhinav Dixit, Swati Mahato & Krishanu Biswas

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  1. Abhinav Dixit
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  2. Swati Mahato
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  3. Krishanu Biswas
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Contributions

AD performed experimentation, methodology, and data Plotting. SM provides formal analysis and writing—original draft. KB analyzed conceptualization and supervision.

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Correspondence to Krishanu Biswas.

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Dixit, A., Mahato, S. & Biswas, K. Microstructure Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Dual-Phase Refractory HfTiZr Medium-Entropy Alloy with the Small Addition of Dy and Nd. Trans Indian Inst Met (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12666-023-03195-7

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