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Production, Optimisation and Partial Characterisation of Enzymes from Filamentous Fungi Using Dried Forage Cactus Pear as Substrate

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Abstract

Purpose

The forage cactus pear (Opuntia spp. and Nopalea spp.) has been sub-utilised, mostly, for ruminant feed during long periods of drought. In this study, Nopalea cochenillifera was investigated as an alternative substrate for the production of xylanases and β-glucosidases by Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus sp.

Methods

The solid-state fermentation of N. cochenillifera by Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus sp. were optimised for xylanases and β-glucosidases production using a central composite face-centered (CCF) experimental design and response surface methodology (RSM), considering the variables water activity, temperature and time. The enzymes obtained were also evaluated for their pH, temperature and storage stability.

Results

The theoretical optimum cultivation conditions were an initial water activity of 0.865 at 30 °C for 72 h. The equivalent enzymatic activities (U g−1) obtained were 355.56 (A. niger xylanase), 3456.91 (A. niger β-glucosidase), 204.57 (Rhizopus sp. xylanase) and 1630.07 (Rhizopus sp. β-glucosidase). The obtained enzymes presented good stability (~80%) at <60 °C and pH values from 4.0 to 7.0.

Conclusion

The forage cactus is a potential alternative for microbial cultivation instead of synthetic substrates of elevated costs.

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Acknowledgements

Authors would like to acknowledge the Banco do Nordeste do Brasil (BNB, Brazil), the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES, Brazil), the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia (FAPESB) and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Brazil) for their important financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Post-Graduation Program in Technology of Chemical and Biochemical Processes, Department of Biochemical Engineering, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, 21941-909, Brazil

    Tamires Carvalho dos Santos

  2. Post-Graduation Program in Food Engineering, Department of Basic and Instrumental Studies, State University of Southwest Bahia (UESB), Itapetinga, 45700-000, Brazil

    Nadabe dos Santos Reis

  3. Post-Graduation Program in Chemistry, Department of Exact Sciences and Technology, State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Ilhéus, 45654-370, Brazil

    Tatielle Pereira Silva

  4. Department of Animal and Rural Technology, State University of Southwest Bahia (UESB), Itapetinga, 45700-000, Brazil

    Renata Cristina Ferreira Bonomo

  5. Department of Exact Sciences and Technology, State University of Santa Cruz – (UESC), Ilhéus, 45654-370, Brazil

    Elizama Aguiar-Oliveira, Julieta Rangel de Oliveira & Marcelo Franco

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  1. Tamires Carvalho dos Santos
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  2. Nadabe dos Santos Reis
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Correspondence to Marcelo Franco.

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dos Santos, T.C., dos Santos Reis, N., Silva, T.P. et al. Production, Optimisation and Partial Characterisation of Enzymes from Filamentous Fungi Using Dried Forage Cactus Pear as Substrate. Waste Biomass Valor 9, 571–579 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-016-9810-z

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